6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4和6%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5急性高容量血液稀释对全麻患者凝血功能的影响

目的 评价6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4(6% HES130/0.4)和6%羟乙基淀粉20010.5(6% HES200/0.5)急性高容量血液稀释(AHHD)对全麻患者凝血功能的影响.方法 择期全麻手术患者60例,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄18～64岁,随机分为3组(n=20):对照组(C组)、6%HES200/0.5组(H组)及6%HES130/0.4组(V组).H组和V组于麻醉诱导前90 min分别静脉输注6% HES200/0.5或6% HES130/0.4,速率20 ml·kg-1·h-1,扩容量20ml/kg;C组仅静脉输注乳酸钠林格氏液6～8 ml·kg-1·h-1.于AHHD前、AHHD后即刻及AHHD后1 h采血,进行下述指标的测定:血小板计数、凝血酶原时间(PT)、血小板最大聚集率和Sonoclot玻璃珠激活全血凝固时间(gbACT)、凝结速率(CR)、血小板功能(PF)和曲线达峰时间.H组和V组同时还测定活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血因子Ⅷ活性(FⅧ:C)、von Willebrand因子(vWF)水平.结果 与AHHD前比较,H组和V组AHHD后PT和APTY均延长,FⅧ:C下降(P＜0.05),但2组AHHD后1 h FⅧ:C高于AHHD后即刻(P＞0.05);H组和V组AHHD后血小板最大聚集率降低,但AHHD后1 h高于AHHD后即刻(P＜0.05).与H组比较,V组AHHD后CR降低(P＜0.05),其他凝血功能指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 6%HES130/0.4和6% HES200/0.5(20 ml/kg)AHHD对全麻患者凝血功能的抑制作用较轻;两者对凝血功能的影响无明显差异.

Effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution with HES130/0.4 and HES200/0.5 on blood coagulation

Objective To evaluate the effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES)130/0.4 and 6% HES 200/0.5 on blood coagulation in patients undergoing major operation under general anesthesia.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-64 yr undergoing major operation under general anesthesia during which the blood loss was expected to be＞20%of blood volume were allocated randomly into 3 groups(n=20 each):Ⅰ control group(C);Ⅱ6% HES200/0.5 group (H) and Ⅲ HES130/0.4 group (V).In group H and V the patients Arterial blood samples were taken before(T1),immediately(T2)and 1 h after the end of fluid infusion(T3)for determination of hematocrit(Hct),platelet count(PLT)and prothrombin time(PT),platelet maximum aggregation test induced by 5 μmol/L ADP,and Sonoclot coagulation and platelet function analysis(gbACT,CR,PF,TP).Activated partial thromboplastin time(Am),coagulation factor Ⅷ (FⅧ)activity and von Willebrand factor(vWF)were measured only in group H and V.Results (1) PT and APTT were significantly prolonged after fluid infusion at T2 and T3 as compared with the baseline values at T1 in group H and V.(2)FⅧ activity and platelet maximum aggregation induced by ADP were significantly decreased at the end of fluid infusion at T2 as compared with the baseline at T1 but increased again at T3 in group H and V.(3)There was no significant change in Sonoclot coagulation parameters after fluid infusion as compared with the baseline except clot formation rate (CR)in group H and V.Conclusion Acute hypervolemic hemodilution with 6% HES130/0.4 or 200/0.5 has minimal effect on blood coagulation and there is no significant difference in blood coagulation changes induced by 6%HES130/0.4 and 200/0.5.