暴力犯罪人风险决策特点的研究

目的 分析暴力犯罪人不同信息框架下的决策行为特点,并探讨不同犯罪类型犯罪人的决策差异.方法 以整群抽样的方法抽取陕西省某监狱在押暴力犯罪人364名,19～26岁的正常男性被试364名,并分别随机分成两组,对Kahneman的经典亚洲疾病问题和自编赌博问题决策选择情景进行二选一的选择.结果 面对亚洲疾病问题,负面框架下,犯罪人类型A和犯罪人类型B均显示出比正常被试更容易受到框架的干扰,差异显著(x2=17.595,27.321；P＜0.05).面对自编赌博问题,在正面框架下,仅有犯罪人类型B显示出比正常被试更容易受到框架的干扰,差异显著(x2=4.593,P＜0.05).结论 在犯罪决策中,决策不仅仅受到框架效应的影响,同时也受到犯罪人的犯罪类型和框架情境相关程度的影响.

Risk Decision-making Features of Violent Criminals

Objective To analyze the risk preference of violent criminals under positive or negative framing,and understand the difference on crime decision of different types of criminals.Methods By means of cluster sampling,364 violent criminals and 364 19～26 year-old normal male subjects were investigated with Kahneman＇s well-known Asian disease framing problem and Gambling problem.Respectively,they were randomly divided into two groups.Results Facing of the Asian disease problem,two types of criminals had significant differences from normal male subjects under the negative framing（χ2=17.595,27.321;P0.05）.Facing of the gambling problem,only B type criminals had significant difference from normal male subjects under the positive framing（χ2=4.593,P0.05）.Conclusion In crime decision,it is not only subject to the framing effect,but also to the relationship between type of crime and framing situation.