颈前路钩椎关节切除术的应用解剖

目的为临床颈前路钩椎关节切除手术提供应用解剖学基础。方法15套干燥成人颈椎标本,分别测定:①C3-C6横突孔的横、矢径;②钩椎关节与横突孔的间距;③横突孔前壁厚度;④钩椎关节与椎间孔的间距;⑤两侧椎间孔所在平面间夹角。14具成人尸体标本,解剖测定:①C3-C6各节段上下缘椎体正中线与椎动脉的距离;②各横突孔壁内和相邻横突孔间的椎动脉的长度;③椎间孔的横、竖径。结果①C3-C6中,C5的横突孔横径最小;②横突孔前壁厚度由C3-C6逐渐增加;③钩椎关节与横突孔间距在C6处最小;④椎体正中线与椎动脉V2段的距离由C3-C6逐渐增大。结论熟悉局部解剖是避免损伤椎动脉的关键

AppIied anatomy of anterior uncovertebral joint resection

Objective To provide the applied anatomical fundamental data for the clinical operation of anterior uncovertebral joint resection.Methods 15 dry cervical vertebrae specimens from C3 to C6,the values of cervical vertebrae were measured.The main measurements included:①the transverse diameter and the anterior-posterior diameter of the transverse foramen;②the distance between uncinate and transverse foramen;③the width of the anterior wall of the transverse foramen;④the distance between uninate and intervetebral foramen;⑤the angulation between two planes of intervetebral foramens.14 adult cadaverous speciments,to observe:①the distance between the vertebral artery and the midline at C3、C4、C5、C6 levels;②the length in the transverse foramen and the length between the two transverse foramens of the V2 segment;③the transverse diameter and the vertical diameter of intervetebral foramen.Results ①Among C3-C6,the narrowest transverse diameter was at C5;② the width of the anterior wall of the transverse foramen increased from C3 to C6;③the narrowest distance between uninate and intervetebral foramen was at C6;④the distance between the vertebral artery and the midline increased from C3 to C6.Conclusion The key to awoid the injury to the vertebral artery is a good understanding of the regional anatomy.