The effect of static in vivo bending on the murine intervertebral disc. |
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| Authors: | C Court O K Colliou J R Chin E Liebenberg D S Bradford J C Lotz |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Hôpital universitaire de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France;2. Orthopaedic Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0514 USA;1. Department of Spinal Surgery, Hong-Hui Hospital, Medical College of Xi''an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Beilin District, Xi''an, 710054, Shanxi province, China;2. Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China;2. Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China;3. School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China;3. From the Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 and;4. the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom;3. From the Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada and;4. the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, BHF GCRC, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Intervertebral disc cell function in vitro has been linked to features of the local environment that can be related to deformation of the extracellular matrix. Epidemiologic data suggest that certain regimens of spinal loading accelerate disc degeneration in vivo. Yet, the direct association between disc cell function, spinal loading and ultimately tissue degeneration is poorly characterized. PURPOSE: To examine the relationships between tensile and compressive matrix strains, cell activity and annular degradation. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: An in vivo study of the biologic, morphologic and biomechanical consequences of static bending applied to the murine intervertebral disc. SUBJECT SAMPLE: Twenty-five skeletally mature Swiss Webster mice (12-week-old males) were used in this study. OUTCOME MEASURES: Bending neutral zone, bending stiffness, yield point in bending, number of apoptotic cells, annular matrix organization, cell shape, aggrecan gene expression, and collagen II gene expression.METHODS: Mouse tail discs were loaded for 1 week in vivo with an external device that applied bending stresses. Mid-sagittal sections of the discs were analyzed for cell death, collagen II and aggrecan gene expression, and tissue organization. Biomechanical testing was also performed to measure the bending stiffness and strength. RESULTS: Forceful disc bending induced increased cell death, decreased aggrecan gene expression and decreased tissue organization preferentially on the concave side. By contrast, collagen II gene expression was symmetrically reduced. Asymmetric loading did not alter bending mechanical behavior of the discs. CONCLUSIONS: In this model, annular cell death was related to excessive matrix compression (as opposed to tension). Collagen II gene expression was most negatively influenced by the static nature of the loading (immobilization), rather than the specific state of stress (tension or compression). |
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