老年患者院内肺部感染的相关危险因素分析及护理对策

目的：确定多种危险因素与老年病患院内肺部感染的相关性,为 预防和控制院内感染提供依据。方法：选取西南医院呼吸内科2000年4月至2001年3月的老年住院患（年龄≥60岁）,发生 院内肺部感染患（病例组）26例,无院内肺部感染患（对照组）64例,进行成组不匹配病例对照研究。结果：除放、化疗外,病例组与对照组在年龄、治疗措施（包括：介入性检查、治疗,多种抗生素的联合使用,吸氧、肾上腺皮质激素的应用）及住院天数上均相差非常显,P＜0．01;OR值均大于3。结论：老年患的年龄、吸氧、介入性的检查治疗措施、 住院时间长,及肾上腺皮质激素的应用,不合理使用抗生素是造成老年患肺部院内获得性感染的相关危险因素。

Analysis of Risk Factors and Nursing Strategies Related to Pulmonary Nosocomial Infection in Aged Patients

Objective To determine the relationship between multiple of risk factors and pulmonary nosocomial infection in aged patients,and establish guidelines for prophylaxis and control of noso-comial infection and design specific nursing measures. Methods A case-control study on nosocomial infection in 90 patients was carried out in the department of pulmonology of Xijing Hospital for 12 months. Results Data were obtained of therapeutic measures including interventional examination, combined use of antibiotics, oxygen inhalation and adrenal cortical hormones, and hospital stay in the treated group,and compared with those in the control group. The differences were significant ( P <0. 01). Conclusion The risk factors related to pulmonary nosocomial infection were old age,oxygen inhalation,use of adrenal cortical hormones, interventional examination, improper use of antibiotics and days in the hospital.