2004-2019年镇江市丹徒区山羊血吸虫感染调查

目的　了解镇江市丹徒区山羊血吸虫感染情况及其变化趋势，为开展家畜血吸虫病传染源控制提供科学数据。方法　2004-2019年，每年春、秋季采用塑料杯顶管孵化法（1粪1检）对在镇江市丹徒区有螺环境放养的山羊进行血吸虫感染病原学检查，分析感染率与感染度变化情况。结果　2004-2019年，镇江市丹徒区共检测山羊粪样21 836份，查出血吸虫阳性粪样86份，平均阳性率为0.39%；其中2004年阳性率最高（1.25%），2013年后降为０。血吸虫感染阳性山羊分布在江滩型和水网型环境，血吸虫感染率分别为0.50%和0.15%，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 11.566，P < 0.05）；不同月龄组山羊血吸虫感染率差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 13.088，P < 0.05），其中以10～和15～月龄组山羊感染率较高，分别为0.51%和0.44%；秋季和春季山羊血吸虫感染率分别为0.54%和0.27%（χ2 = 9.597，P < 0.05）；血吸虫感染度为“+++”和“++++”的山羊占76.74%。结论　虽然丹徒区山羊血吸虫感染率较高的疫情已得到了有效控制，但仍应将山羊作为重要的血吸虫病传染源进行重点防控，以巩固防治成果。

Investigation on Schistosoma japonicum infection in goats in Dantu District,Zhenjiang City from 2004 to 2019

Objective　To investigate the prevalence and changing patterns of Schistosoma japonicum infections in goats in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City, so as to provide the scientific data for the management of in livestock. Methods　The S. japonicum infections were detected using a miracidial hatching test (one test for one stool specimen) in goats grazed in settings with snail habitats in Dantu District of Zhenjiang City at spring and autumn of each year from 2004 to 2019, and the prevalence and intensity of S. japonicum infections were estimated. Results　A total of 21 836 goat stool samples were detected from 2004 to 2019, and 86 were positive for S. japonicum (0.39% prevalence). The highest prevalence of S. japonicum infections in goats was seen in 2004 (1.25%) and no infections were detected in goats since 2013. S. japonicum?infected goats were identified in marshland?type endemic areas and plain regions with waterway networks, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of S. japonicum infections in goats between these two types of endemic areas (0.50% vs. 0.15%; χ2 = 11.566, P < 0.05). The prevalence of S. japonicum infections was significantly greater in goats at ages of more than 10 months (0.51%) and over 10 months (0.44%) than in other goats (χ2 = 13.088, P < 0.05), and higher prevalence was found in autumn than in spring (0.54% vs. 0.27%; χ2 = 9.597, P < 0.05). In addition, there were 76.74% of S. japonicum?infected goats with intensity of “+++” and “++++”. Conclusion　Although the high prevalence of S. japonicum infections has been effectively controlled in goats in Dantu District, goat remains to be an important source of S. japonicum infections that should be given a high priority for control to consolidate the schistosomiasis control achievements.