煤工尘肺中医证候及证候要素特征的研究概况

目的通过对煤工尘肺现代文献的研究分析,规范其中医证候名称,研究其中医证候及证候要素特点。方法现代文献检索,利用Excel软件建立煤工尘肺的证候类型文献数据库、录库,统计分析。结果将煤工尘肺的中医证候由规范前的36个缩小到了15个。总结煤工尘肺的中医证候特点为:虚证多为肺气虚证、肺阴虚证、肺气阴两虚证、肺肾阳虚证、肺阳虚证、肺脾气虚证、肺肾阴虚证;实证主要有痰热闭肺证、瘀阻肺络证、痰湿阻肺证、痰瘀阻肺证、肾水凌心证;感受外邪时,常见风寒袭肺证、风热闭肺证、表寒肺热证。病位主要在肺、脾、肾;病因病性主要为气虚、热(内)、阴虚、痰、瘀、阳虚、风(外)、寒(外)、湿(内)。结论煤工尘肺目前没有统一的中医证候名称及诊断标准,现有文献采用的是自拟标准或没有标准,不便于疾病诊疗规范的制定,目前急需制定相对统一的中医证候诊断标准。煤工尘肺稳定期常可见虚实夹杂,以虚证多见;当感受外邪时也可以并见外感疾病。临床实践,中医当辨明同一疾病表现出的不同证候。

Research on the Character of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome and Syndrome Factor of CWP

Objective To research the character of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and syndrome factor on CWP by analyzing the neoteric literature of CWP,and to regulate the name of TCM syndromes and study the TCM syndromes and characteristics of syndromes.Methods The neoteric literature of CWP was searched,a literature database by Excel software was built up and the data was analyzed.Results The number of the names of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome changes from 36 to 15.The common deficiency syndromes include:deficiency of vital energy of lung,deficiency of yin of lung,deficiency of vital energy and yin of lung,deficiency of yang of lung and kidney,deficiency of yang of lung,deficiency of vital energy of lung and spleen,deficiency of yin of lung and kidney.The common redundency syndromes include:blockage of the lung by phlegm heat,blockage of the lung by stagnant blood,blockage of the lung by phlegm and wet,blockage of the lung by phlegm and stagnant blood,heart oppressed by water of kidney.When comes to exogenous qi of evil,It’s often expressed as attack of wind and cold,blockage of the lung by wind and heat,external cold and lung heat.The position of the illness is lung,spleen and kidney.The pathogeny and character of the illness is deficiency of vital energy,internal heat,deficiency of yin,phlegm,stagnant blood,deficiency of yang,exogenous wind,exogenous cold,and internal wet.Conclusion The names of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome of CWP are multiform and need to be canonical.Existing literature uses self-drafted standards or no standards.At present,it is urgent to formulate a relatively unified diagnostic standard for TCM syndrome of CWP.The character of CWP in the stable stage includes deficiency and redundancy.Difficiency is the main factor.When infected with exogenous qi of evil,it can also combined with exogenous diseases.In clinical practice,TCM needs to pay attention to the same disease showed different symptoms.