湖南侗族成人的Heath-Carter体型特征

目的 探讨湖南农村侗族成人的体型特征。 方法 采用Heath-Carter体型测量法，对749名（男性304人，女性445人）湖南农村侗族成人的体型进行评价。 结果 侗族男性平均体型为内胚层-中胚层均衡体型（4.83-4.95-1.80），女性为偏中胚层的内胚层体型（6.09-4.68-1.37）。随年龄增长，男性内因子值逐渐下降，女性内因子值和男、女性中因子值均先上升后下降；外因子值男、女性均先下降后上升。各年龄组男性内因子值明显低于女性，多个年龄组男性的中、外因子值明显高于女性；与其他族群比较，湖南侗族内因子值大、中因子值较小，外因子值处于中等水平。 结论 湖南侗族成人皮下脂肪厚，骨骼、肌肉不发达，线性度处于中等水平，其体型与江苏汉族、福建汉族和辽宁汉族接近。

Somatotype characteristics of Dong nationality adults in Hu'nan Province

Objective To investigate the somatotype characteristics of Dong adults in rural areas of Hu’nan province. Methods The Heath-Carter somatotyping method was used to study the somatotype of 749 adults (304 males and 445 females) of Dong in the rural areas of Hu’nan. Results The mean somatotype in males of Dong was endomorph-mesomorph category (4.83-4.95-1.80) and was mesomorphic endomorph category (6.09-4.68-1.37) in females. With their age increasing, the values of endomorphy decreases gradually in males, the values of endomorphy of females and mesomorphy of males and females increased at first and then decreased gradually, the values of ectomorphy of males and females decreased at first and then increased. The values of endomorphy of males were significantly lower than those of females with the same age groups, and the values of mesomorphy and the values of ectomorphy of males were significantly higher than those of females in some age groups. Compared with other ethnic groups, the values of endomorphy of Dong were larger, the values of mesomorphy were smaller, and the values of ectomorphy were in a middle level. Conclusion Adults of Dong in Hu’nan have thick subcutaneous fat, underdeveloped skeletal and muscular systems, and medium linearity. The somatotype of Dong adults in Hu’nan is close to that of Jiangsu Han, Fujian Han and Liaoning Han.