迪庆高原民族地区农村中老年人膝骨性关节炎的流行病学调查

目的了解云南迪庆高原民族地区农村中老年人膝骨性关节炎（KOA）的发病率，并与国内北京、上海、四川等地区的中老年人患病率进行比较。方法在迪庆州香格里拉县海拔3160米的尼西乡、海拔1900米的金江镇对农村户籍50岁以上的554例中老年人采用整群随机抽样的方法进行问卷调查、体格检查和膝关节放射学检查等。结果迪庆高原地区的总患病率（38．4％）高于其他地区，女性（47．7％）高于男性（27．4％），藏族（53．8％）高于纳西族（25．6％）及其他民族（29_3％），尼西乡（29．7％）高于金江镇（47．6％），差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论迪庆高原民族地区中老年人膝骨性关节炎患病率高于其他地区的中老年人，形势较为严峻，尤其以女性患者为甚。因此应重视并加大对该病的研究力度，做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗；对KOA危险人群要提前、早期、有效地干预。

An epidemiological investigation of KOA among middle-aged and elderly population in highland ethnic rural areas in Diqing tibetan autonomous prefecture

Objective To investigate the incidence rate of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） among the middle-aged and el- derly population in highland ethnic rural areas of Diqing and to analyze the morbidity ratio discrepancy by comparing to the KOA rate of Beijing, Shanghai and Sichuan respectively. Methods Based on random sampling, the investigation was conducted in two townships of Shangri-La-Nixi （height above sea level = 3160 m） and Jinjiang （height above sea level = 1900 m） on 554 rural residents aged over 50 through questionnaire, physical checkup and radiological knee joint examination. Results In general, Diqing＇s KOA morbidity （38.4%）was higher than that of other regions. Female＇s （47.7%）is worse than male＇s （27.4%）. The morbidity of Tibetan participants （53.8%） was more severe than that of Naxi people （25.6%） and other ethnic majorities （29.3%）, Nixi （47.6%） was more serious than Jinjiang （29.7%） in KOA morbidity, the differences were highly statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The KOA morbidity of rural high- land residents in Diqing is higher than that of citizens in other regions with females suffering the most. The critical sit- uation calls for further attention and research. Therefore, effective iatrical measures should be taken to ensure early di- agnosis, timely treatment through medical intervention.