液氮冷冻建立犬股骨头缺损坏死模型的实验研究

目的：为股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗研究建立动物模型。方法：10只健康成年犬建立双侧股骨头骨缺损模型，并用液氮从缺损内将股骨头冷冻坏死，术后定期行股骨头X线拍片、大体标本观察及组织切片了解股骨头坏死及修复情况。结果：术后3d组织切片见股骨头坏死，术后3、6周时股骨头坏死和骨修复同时存在，术后12周X线片及大体标本观察见股骨头骨缺损仍然明显。结论：液氮冷冻建立的犬股骨头缺损坏死可作为模拟临床手术刮除死骨、植骨治疗研究的动物模型。

Experimental study of Canine Femoral Head Defect and Necrosis Model by Liquid Nitrogen Freezing

Objective: To establish the animal model for the study of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods: The animal model of bone defect of canine bilateral femoral heads was established in 10 healthy adult canines. The femoral heads from bone defect were frozen by liquid nitrogen. X-ray, gross-model observation and histology examination were made periodically after operation to evaluate osteonecrosis and the subsequent repair. Results: Necrosis of the femoral head was confirmed by histology 3 days after operation, and repairing on preexisting femoral dead necrosis was found 3 and 6 weeks after operation. Radiographic evidence and gross-model observation showed that bone defect of the femoral head existed 12 weeks after operation. Conclusion: The animal model of bone defect and necrosis of the femoral head in canines could be used to mimic the clinical situation with trapdoor bone-grafting to study the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.