Tuberculosis burden in India and its control from 1990 to 2019: Evidence from global burden of disease study 2019

BackgroundTuberculosis is still a major public health problem in India. This study aims to assess trends in the burden of tuberculosis from 1990 to 2019 for tracking success of tuberculosis control programme in India.MethodsIn this study, the 2019 global burden of disease study data were used to measure the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years lost (DALY)rates of Tuberculosis during 1990–2019 for India and its states. Age and gender-specific rates were also analyzed for India. All rates were age-standardized and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were computed.ResultOverall incidence, prevalence, death and DALY of TB decreased in India from 1990 to 2019. Tuberculosis morbidity and mortality was higher in males as compared to females. Incidence of TB was low in children up to 14 years of age. Prevalence of TB was higher in females as compared to males till 29 years of age, whereas higher prevalence was reported in males as compared to females in adults aged 30 years and more. Death rate of TB was low in children and young adults up to 29 years of age.ConclusionThis study shows that overall incidence, prevalence, death and DALY of tuberculosis decreased from 1990 to 2019 in India. The burden of TB was higher among males as compared to females during study period. TB affects all the age groups but deaths were higher in older age groups.