徐汇区2004年水痘暴发疫情分析

目的 对2004年发生在上海市徐汇区的10起水痘暴发疫情进行分析．方法对10起水痘暴发疫情进行基本情况调查，对所有病例进行个案调查。结果2004年徐汇区发生的10起水痘暴发均发生在学校和幼托机构．各学校（幼儿园）罹患率在0．8％-16．4％之间，班级罹患率在512％-59．6％之间。暴发原因主要与学生水痘疫苗接种率低、疫情发现和报告迟缓、措施落实困难等因素有关。结论水痘在易感人群聚集的中小学校和幼托机构等集体单位中容易形成暴发。在水痘疫苗的接种未形成有效免疫屏障的情况下，通过强化疫情报告、加强疾病监测、普及防病意识、及时消毒和隔离病人等综合性措施，才能有效阻止水痘的暴发流行。

Epidemiological Analsis of Outbreaks for Vericalla in 2004 in Xuhui District

OBJECTIVE Analysis of 10 outbreaks for varicella happened in Xuhui district, Shanghai in 2004. METHODS Investigate the epidemic situation including the basic information and case investigation. RESULTS 10 Varicella outbreaks break out in schools and kindergartens in 2004in xuhui district.The attack rate of these schools and kindergartens is between 0.8% and 16.4%, and the attack rate of the outbreak classes is between 5.2% and 59.6%.The main relative agents include the low veccination rate , the delay of epidemic situation report, the difficulty in carrying out the preventive measure and etc. CONCLUSION Varicella has a distinct seasonal fluctuation, with the highest incidence occurring in winter and early spring.And Varicella usually break out in which gather many susceptible population.Before wide immunity to varicella is formed, emphasizeing the report of infectious diseases, reinforcing surveillance of diease and health education, timely disinfection isolatiog the source of infection are the effective means to prevent varicella outbreak.