武汉市美沙酮维持治疗患者职业状况的调查分析简

目的獉獉：了解武汉市美沙酮维持治疗患者的职业状况,为政府卫生部门及医疗机构制定相关制度和干预措施提供可靠依据。方法獉獉：采用随机整体抽样法,对武汉市4个辖区的5家具有代表性的美沙酮维持治疗点的600名美沙酮维持治疗患者进行问卷调查。结果獉獉：共收回有效问卷588份,有效率98.0%。被调查对象中男性376人,女性212人,无职业的有249人占42.3%,有职业的339人占57.7%。海洛因依赖患者有无工作与性别无关（P〉0.05）,与年龄、学历、吸毒时间与剂量、混合滥用、居住状态、维持治疗状况有关,且有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。从事稳定工作的只占11.2%,大部分从事个体及临时性工作。对目前工作感到满意的占24.8%,他们工作环境差、心理压力大、人际关系紧张。结论獉獉：武汉市美沙酮维持治疗患者的就业情况不很乐观,建议政府卫生行政部门医疗机构、社区服务机构能给予海洛因依赖患者更多的就业指导。

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS ON THE EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN WUHAN

Objective： To understand employment status of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） in Wuhan, and provide a reliable basis for the government departments of public health and medical institutions to develop intervention measures. Methods：By using the cluster random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 600 patients from 5 MMT clinic centers in the 4 districts in Wuhan City. Results： A total of 588 questionnaires returned, with an efficiency of 98.0%. Among eligible subjects, 376 were male and 212 were female, 249 had no job, accounting for 42.3%, 339 had job, accounting for 57.7%. The job condition of heroin dependent patients was not related with gender （ P 〉 0. 05）. It was related significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ） with age, education, dose of drug use, duration of drug abuse, mixed abuse of drug abuse style, living state and maintenance treatment status. About 11.2% MMT patients had steady work and most of them engaged in the work individual and temporary work. Some of them （ 24.8% ） were satisfied with the current work. The majority faced the poor working environment, psychological pressure and interpersonal relationship. Conclusion ：The emoloyment situation in patients with MMT is not optimistic in Wuhan. It is necessary for the government medical institutions, community service organization to provide more employment guidance for heroin dependent patients with MMT.