肉类中旋毛虫成囊前期幼虫检验方法及其影响因素

目的观察人工消化法(artificial digestion method)和贝氏法(Baermann's technique)检验肉类中旋毛虫成囊前期幼虫(pre-encapsulated larvae,PEL)的效果及其影响因素。方法将45只小鼠随机分为3组(每组15只),分别经口感染20、10、5条旋毛虫肌幼虫,感染后18d剖杀,将3组小鼠肌肉剪碎后,分别应用国际旋毛虫病委员会(International Commis-sion on Trichinellosis,ICT)推荐的消化法(简称ICT-消化法)、国家标准-猪旋毛虫病诊断技术(GB/T186452-2000)中规定的消化法(简称国标-消化法)及贝氏法进行PEL的检验。结果ICT-消化法、国标-消化法与贝氏法对感染20条旋毛虫幼虫的小鼠肌肉中PEL的检出率均为100%(15/15)(χ220=0.000,P>0.05);感染10条幼虫小鼠肌肉,3种方法的PEL检出率分别为93.33%(14/15),93.33%(14/15)及100%(15/15)(χ120=1.645,P>0.05);感染5条幼虫的小鼠肌肉,3种方法的PEL检出率分别为63.33%(19/30),90%(27/30)及100%(30/30)(χ52=18.866,P<0.05)。感染旋毛虫后18d的小鼠肌肉分别消化1h、2h、3h、4h与5h,PEL死亡率分别为8.49%(53/624)、29.77%(181/608)、58.46(449/768)、67.83%(407/600)、84.70%(515/608),PEL的死亡率随消化时间的延长而升高(χ2=920.772,P<0.05)。结论对肉类中旋毛虫成囊前期幼虫检疫时,贝氏法明显优于消化法。

Inspection methods for the pre-encapsulated larvae of Trichinella s piralis in meat and the influencing factors

：To ohserve the efficiency of artificial digestion method and Baermann＇s technique for inspection of the pre-encapsulated larvae （PEL） of Trichinella spiralis in meat and the influencing factors,45 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 3 groups （15 mice per group）. Each group of mice was orally inoculated with 20,10 or 5 muscle larvae of T. spiralis, respectively. All infected mice were slaughtered at 18 days post-infection and the muscles were cut into pieces. The digestion method recommended by International Commission on Trichinellosis （ICT-digestion）, the Chinese criterion ＂ diagnostic techniques for Trichinella spiralis in swine＂ （GB/T18642-2002） （GB-digestion） and Baermann＇s technique were used to inspect the PEL in the infected muscle. It was found that the detection rate of PEL in muscle of mice infected with 20 muscle larvae by 1CT-digestion, GB-digestion method and Baermann＇s technique were all 100% （15/15）（X2/10=0. 000,P〉0. 05）; and those of PEL in muscle of mice infected with 10 larvae by the above-mentioned three methods were 93. 33% （14/15）, 93. 33% （14/15） and 100% （15/15）, respectively （X2/10=1.645,P〉0.05）.When the three methods were applied to examine muscle from mice infected with 5 larvae, the detection rate of PEL were 63. 33%（19/30）,90% （27/30） and 100% （30/30）, respectively （X2/5=18. 866,P〈0.05）. When muscle of mice slaughtered at 18 days post infection was digested for lh, 2h, 3h, 4h and 5h, the death rate of PEL was 8.49% （53/624）, 29. 77% （181/608）, 58.46% （449/268）, 67.83% （402/600） and 84.70% （515/ 608）, respectively. The mortality was increased along with the prolongation of digestion time （X2 920. 772,P〈0.05）. It is evident that Baermann＇s technique is superior to the digestion method for inspection of T. spiralis pre encapsulated larvae in meat.