医院获得性肺炎的病原学及防治研究

目的：探讨我院获得性肺炎的细菌分布和耐药性。方法：对2007年8月至2009年9月间我院获得性肺炎患者进行病原检测及药敏试验。结果：本组铜绿假单胞菌检出率最高,达18.33%,其次肺炎克雷伯菌占15.00%,金黄色葡萄球菌占15.00%,鲍氏不动杆菌占15.00%,大肠埃希菌占6.67%。铜绿假单胞菌除对亚胺培南敏感外,对其他药物耐药率均偏高。肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌以及嗜麦芽假单胞菌对头孢类药物的耐药率相对偏低。嗜麦芽假单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药,对头孢三代的耐药率相对偏低。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素类、林可霉素以及头孢唑啉耐药率极高,未发现对万古霉素耐药的G^＋球菌菌株。结论：医院获得性肺炎细菌对多种药物耐药,临床医师应依据药敏试验结果合理选择抗生素。

Study on Etiology and Prevention of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia

Objective： To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug tolerance of hospital acquired pneumonia in our hospital.Method： The bacterial distribution and drug tolerance of hospital acquired pneumonia in our hospital from Aug.in 2007 to Sep.in 2009 were detected.Result： The detection rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa was highest（18.33%）,and detection rate was 15.00% in pseudomonas aeruginosa,15.00% in acinetobacter baumannii and was 6.67% in escherichia coli.The resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa was high except imipenem.The resistance rate of klebsiella pneumonia,acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas maltophilia were low to cephalosporin drug.Pseudomonas maltophilia was resistant to ampicillin,but sensitive to trisubstituted cephalosporin drug.Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to penicillins,lincomycin and cephazolin.There was no strains of G^＋ coccus resistant to vancomycin.Conclusion： The bacteria of hospital acquired pneumonia is resistant to many kinds of medicine,so the clinician should choose the antibiotics according to the drug sensitive test.