人工气管的研究进展

目的从气管重建外科的角度,探讨采用人工气管进行气管缺损重建的实验与临床研究现状及其进展. 方法查阅近期国内外有关人工气管相关文献,介绍人工气管的研究进展,并进行综合分析. 结果无论是大量的动物实验还是有限的临床应用,手术成功率、并发症发生率及生存率差异均很大.人工气管尚不能成熟地应用于临床,主要在于材料的生物相容性差,移植于体内无法与机体达到生物学融合固定,常易伴发脱落、泄漏、窒息,甚至侵蚀大血管等严重并发症. 结论人工气管置换远期效果不佳的主要原因与材料的生物相容性差有关.人工气管材料的选择和造型设计,是其研究和临床应用能否取得突破性进展的关键.

ADVANCES IN TRACHEAL PROSTHESIS

Objective To review the research advances of the tracheal prosthesis. Methods The articles concerned in recent years were extensively reviewed. Results There were still many arguments about the use of tracheal substitutes. A variety of artificial trachea had been designed and assessed, but so far none of them had been satisfactory for clinical use. The failures were mainly due to their high mortality and incidence of complication such as prosthetic defluvium, granuloma formation, local infection, air leakage, anastomotic stenosis or obstruction. Conclusion The major causes of the poor effectiveness by the use of tracheal prosthesis are closely related to its biological compatibilities. The selected biomaterials and the design of prosthesis hold the key to a breakthrough in research and clinical use of tracheal prosthesis.