炼焦工人淋巴细胞微核率与血浆苯并(a)芘浓度相关性研究

目的探讨炼焦工人淋巴细胞微核率与血浆苯并（ａ）芘浓度的关系。方法分别抽取炼焦和非炼焦职工各１００名进行流行病学调查,对每一位对象进行微核检测计数和血浆苯并（ａ）芘浓度的检测,并检测空气中苯并（ａ）芘浓度。结果炼焦工人与非炼焦职工血浆苯并（ａ）芘的浓度差异有非常显著性,且人体苯并（ａ）芘浓度与空气中苯并（ａ）芘浓度有相关性。微核阳性率和微核细胞率：炼焦工人分别为６０％和１．７９‰,非炼焦职工分别为２９％和１．０１‰,两者差异有非常显著性。以不同血浆浓度为暴露指标分级,显示微核阳性率与血浆苯并（ａ）芘浓度存在剂量反应关系。多因素分析显示,对微核阳性率起作用的因素依次为血浆苯并（ａ）芘浓度、经济水平、生活是否规律和吸烟。结论血浆苯并（ａ）芘的蓄积是导致微核形成的主要因素。对炼焦工人进行微核检测,可反映炼焦作业对机体早期的危害。

A study on the relationship between lymphocyte micronucleus rates and blood plasma benzo(a)pyrene levels in coking workers

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between lymphocyte micronucleus rates and blood plasma levels of benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] in coking workers. METHODS: One hundred coking workers and 100 unexposed workers were selected, and their lymphocyte micronucleus rates and plasma levels, as well as workplace air concentrations, of B(a)P were determined. RESULTS: It showed that there was significant difference in plasma B(a)P level between coking workers and unexposed workers, and it correlated with air concentration of B(a)P in the workplace. Positive rates of micronucleus and rates of micronucleus lymphocyte were 60% and 1.79per thousand in coking workers and 29% and 1.10per thousand in controls, respectively, with very significantly statistical difference. It also showed that positive micronucleus rate correlated with plasma level of B(a)P in dose-effect pattern. Multivariate analysis showed that factors contributing to positive micronucleus rate ranked in such an order: plasma level of B(a)P, economic status, regularity of their lifestyle and smoking status of the coking workers. CONCLUSION: Accumulation of B(a)P in blood plasma played a major role in the formation of lymphocyte micronucleus. Results of micronucleus test in coking workers could reflect preliminary damage to their health caused by it.