广东省佛山市南海区社区居民高血压的患病率及危险因素调查

目的了解广东省佛山市社区居民高血压的流行现状及危险因素,为该区域高血压的防治提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取南海区2个街道6个镇共56 930名18岁以上的常住居民进行调查。采用入户面对面访谈的方法,并进行相关人体测量。采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果广东省佛山市南海区18岁以上居民高血压粗患病率为18.4%(经广东省人口构成标化率为18.3%),居民高血压知晓率为51.2%,男女患病率差异无统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄每增加10岁,高血压的风险成倍增长,70岁以上人群的高血压风险是30岁以下人群的14倍多。体质指数增加也是高血压重要的危险因素,超重者高血压风险是体型正常者的2倍,肥胖者则高达3倍以上。其他高血压相关因素OR值及95%CI分别为女性0.837(0.764⁰.916)、经常饮酒0.892(0.8020.916)、经常饮酒0.892(0.802⁰.992)、婚姻状况异常1.275(1.1290.992)、婚姻状况异常1.275(1.129¹.439)、文化程度高0.741(0.6071.439)、文化程度高0.741(0.607⁰.904)、饮食口味清淡0.854(0.7590.904)、饮食口味清淡0.854(0.759⁰.961)、每天摄入奶制品2000.961)、每天摄入奶制品200⁴00 ml 0.816(0.718400 ml 0.816(0.718⁰.928)。结论广东省佛山市南海区社区居民高血压患病率高,知晓率低。年龄增加、体质指数增加是高血压的重要危险因素,应在社区加强健康教育,倡导健康生活方式,从而改善高血压的流行现状。

Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in Nanhai community population of Foshan

Objective To identify the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among Guangdong adults using data from Nanhai community survey. Methods Multi-stage random sampling was used, 56930 people aged 18 years or older were selected from both urban and rural areas in 8 geographical regions of Nanhai in 2010. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data of these residents were collected with questionnaire by face-to-face interview. Physical examinations and blood pressures were taken by trained interviewers. Data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software. Multivariate Logistic regression were taken for analyses of risk factors. Results The prevalence of hypertension in adults of Nanhai was 18.4%, and the awareness rate was 51.2%. The results obtained from Logistic regression model analysis indicated that the risk of hypertension was doubled with every 10 years older, hypertension risk of people over 70 years old was 14 times over those less than 30 years old. Compared with normal weight subjects, overweight people were twice likely suffered from hypertension and triple for obesity people. Other risk factors included sex, alcohol,marriage, and so on. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Nanhai is quite high and the awareness rate is low. Community health education should be strengthened and healthy life style should be initiating to reduce the risk of hypertension.