Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) in autism spectrum disorder |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, 15245 Shady Grove Rd., Ste 350, Rockville, MD 20850, United States;2. Child and Family Psychological Associates, 110 Hartwell Ave, Suite 330, Lexington, MA 02421, United States;1. Department of Neuropsychology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan;1. Queens College, United States;2. The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York, United States |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the research on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Topics explored are the prevalence of AD/HD, the importance of studying AD/HD, as well as the questionnaire measures used to measure AD/HD in individuals with ASD. Research on the relationship between AD/HD in ASD and parental stress and psychological distress, developmental regression, language and communication, adaptive behavior, social skills, autism severity, challenging behavior, comorbid psychopathology, gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, epilepsy, sensory issues, motor difficulties, and quality of life are also discussed. Research on cardiac reactivity and executive functioning are also explored. Finally, recommendations for treatment are given as well as areas where future research is needed. |
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| Keywords: | Autism spectrum disorders Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) Comorbidity Treatment |
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