职业暴露和吸烟对焦炉工肺通气功能的影响

目的　研究职业暴露和吸烟对焦炉作业工人肺通气功能的影响。方法　对某焦化厂各炉炉顶、炉侧以及炉底进行环境有害物的监测;对2 34名焦炉作业工人进行吸烟指数的调查和肺通气功能测定。结果　焦炉作业环境有害物浓度呈炉顶>炉侧>炉底的趋势;吸烟的焦炉作业工人标化第一秒最大呼气量(FEV1,90 .8%±8.6 % )与第一秒最大呼气率(FEV1% ,95 .4 %±12 .4 % )均明显低于不吸烟组(10 0 .9%±14 .3%、10 8.9%±17.6 % ) ;吸烟的焦炉作业工人的标化最大肺活量(FVC)与职业接触苯溶物、苯并[a]芘和吸烟指数的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .2 4 9、- 0 .187和- 0 .36 8,FEV1与三者的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .2 5 5、- 0 .191和- 0 .388,FEV1%与三者的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .131、- 0 .10 7和- 0 .0 6 5 ;不吸烟的焦炉作业工人的FVC、FEV1和FEV1%与职业接触苯溶物的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .15 4、- 0 .0 5 2和- 0 .176 ,与苯并[a]芘的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .12 1、- 0 .0 37和- 0 .15 9。结论　焦炉作业工人肺通气功能与职业接触和吸烟指数均有一定的负相关。

The influence of occupational exposure and smoking on lung ventilation of coke oven workers

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of occupational exposure and smoking on lung ventilation function of coke oven workers. METHODS: Environmental monitoring was performed on the top, side and bottom of some coke ovens. Lung ventilation function test was performed in 234 coke oven workers. RESULTS: The poison concentration in environment had such tendency as it was the highest on the top, then the side, and the lowest at the bottom. The standardized forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV(1), 90.8% +/- 8.6%) and forced expiratory rate (FEV(1)%, 95.4% +/- 12.4%) of those coke oven workers who smoked were significantly lower than those non-smoking workers (100.9% +/- 14.3%, 108.9% +/- 17.6%); among those smoking workers, the partial correlation coefficients between forced vital capacity (FVC) and benzene soluble, benzopyrene, and smoking index were -0.249, -0.187 and -0.368 respectively; and the coefficients between FEV(1) and the three aspects were -0.255, -0.191 and -0.388; and the coefficients between FEV(1)% and them were -0.131, -0.107 and -0.065. Among those non-smoking workers, the coefficients between benzene solubles and FVC, FEV(1) and FEV(1)% were -0.154, -0.052 and -0.176, and between benzopyrene and them were -0.121, -0.037 and -0.159. CONCLUSION: The lung ventilation function of coke oven workers has certain negative correlation with both occupational exposure and smoking.