人工椎间盘在腰椎退行性疾病中的临床应用进展

腰椎间盘退行性疾病是脊柱外科常见疾病，也是成年人腰痛和伤残的主要原因之一。传统观念认为腰椎融合术的临床效果是肯定的，但没有保留脊柱的生理运动功能，并且腰椎运动节段的融合加快了邻近节段椎间盘及小关节的退变。腰椎功能解剖学和生物力学领域深入的研究使得不同构造和材质的现代人工椎间盘装置的发展成为可能。人工腰椎间盘置换术作为腰椎融合之外治疗腰椎退行性疾病的另一合理的选择，目的是使退变椎间盘引起的疼痛得到长期缓解，重建椎间隙高度以保护神经组织，保留脊柱运动以避免晚期关节突关节及邻近节段的病变，恢复脊柱的运动学和载荷特性。本综述旨在阐释人工腰椎间盘的类型，该领域中的研究及临床应用进展和发展前景。

Clinical application and advancement of artificial intervertebral discs for lumbar degenerative disease

Degenerative disc disease is not only a common disease in the area of spinal surgery,but also one of the main reasons for the low back pain of the adults and disability. Conventionally it was considered be affirmative for the effect of the lumbar spinal fusion. But the way retained the physiological motor function. The lumbar motion segment fusion accelerated degeneration of adjacent segment disc and facet joint. Further study of lumbar functional anatomy and biomechanics made development of modern artificial disc device of different structures and materials possible. Besides the lumbar fusion,artificial lumbar disc replacement has become another choice in treating the lumbar degenerative diseases. The purpose is to release the pain which caused by the degenerative disc for a long period and to reconstruct the height of intervertebral disc in order to protect the nerve tissue. Retaining the spinal movement was in order to avoid degeneration of facet joints and adjacent segments,then,restore the spinal characteristic of kinematics and load at last. This review aims to explain the type of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc,the field of research and its clinical application advancement and prospects.