认知行为技术对急诊创伤患者心理及应对方式的影响

目的：探讨认知行为技术对急诊创伤患者心理及应对方式的影响.方法：应用方便抽样法选取由急诊转入重症监护室（intensive care unit,ICU）的创伤患者92例,按照随机数字表将其分为干预组和对照组,每组46例.对照组给予常规心理护理,干预组在常规心理护理的基础上实施认知行为技术;2组患者在入组时及干预1周后均填写症状自评量表（Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90）及医学应对方式问卷（Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,MCMQ）.结果：2组患者干预前SCL-90和MCMQ评分差异无统计学意义.干预1周后,除敌对和精神病性2个因子外,干预组SCL-90评分总分、总均分及其他因子（如焦虑、抑郁等）得分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;干预组MCMQ评分中面对量表得分高于对照组（P=0.00）,而回避和屈服2个量表的得分均低于对照组（P分别为0.00、0.02）.结论：认知行为技术能有效改善急诊创伤患者的心理应激状态和负面情绪,使患者以积极的应对方式面对创伤,并促进其心理康复.

Effect of Cognitive-Behavior Techniques on the Psychology and Coping Styles in Patients with Emergency Trauma

Objective：To investigate the effect of cognitive-behavior techniques on the psychology and coping styles in patients with emergency trauma.Methods：A total of 92 patients with emergency trauma in intensive care unit（ICU） through convenience sampling method were randomly divided into the experimental group （n =46） and the control group （n =46）,according to the random number table.The patients in the control group received routine psychological care,and the patients in the experimental group received cognitive-behavior techniques on the basis of routine psychological care.Ninety patients were investigated with Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90） and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire（MCMQ） before intervention and at 7 days after intervention.Results：Scores of SCL-90 and MCMQ of patients between 2 groups had no significant difference before intervention.The total score,the total average score and other factors such as anxiety and depression scores of SCL-90 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05） except the scores of hostility and psychoticism at 7 days after intervention.The score of confrontation of MCMQ in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group（P =0.00）,and the scores of avoidance and resignation in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group（P＜0.00、0.02）.Conclusions：Cognitive-behavior techniques can effectively reduce psychological stress in patients with emergency trauma,and improve negative emotions,strengthen their stress-coping styles and promote their psychological rehabilitation.