以改良Hulth法建立兔膝骨性关节炎关节软骨的病理变化

目的：观察以改良Hulth法建立的兔膝骨性关节炎关节软骨的病理变化,以探讨其病变机制。方法：采用改良Hulth法建立兔膝骨性关节炎模型,利用＂测定双足平衡设备＂检测和评价兔膝关节功能变化,肉眼观察兔膝关节大体结构。组织切片苏木精-伊红染色,光镜下观察关节软骨组织结构,应用显微电脑测量软件测量关节软骨厚度。运用TUNEL法检测软骨细胞的凋亡,并应用透射电镜观察关节软骨超微结构的变化。结果：模型组右侧（患侧）膝关节蜷缩、无力,检测显示以左侧后足承重为主。模型组兔膝关节软骨出现退变的表现,软骨细胞过度凋亡,其凋亡指数明显高于正常组（P〈0.05）。模型组膝关节软骨厚度较正常组有明显减小（P〈0.05）。模型组关节软骨超微结构明显受损,软骨细胞出现核固缩,线粒体肿胀,粗面内质网扩张、脱颗粒;软骨基质内胶原纤维断裂溶解,结构模糊。结论：采用改良Hulth法可以成功复制膝骨性关节炎模型,模拟临床膝骨性关节炎的病理变化。

Pathological Changes of the Articular Cartilage in Knee Osteoarthritis Rabbit Model Made According to Modified Hulth Technique

Objective：To observe the pathological change of the knee articular cartilage in the knee osteoarthritis rabbit model made according to modified Hulth technique.Methods：The knee osteoarthritis rabbit model was made according to modified Hulth technique.The function of rabbit knee joint was detected and evaluated by determination of bipedal balance equipment.The gross structures of knee joint were observed,and the histological structure of knee articular cartilage was examined with light microscope adopting hematoxylin and eosin staining.The thickness of knee articular cartilage was measured by computer software of microscopic measurement.The apoptosis indexes of chondrocytes in all groups were measured by TUNEL.The ultrastructural changes of the articular cartilage were observed adopting electronic microscope.Results：In the model group,the right（injured side）knee curled up and appeared disabled,showing burden focused on the left posterior limb mainly.The knee articular cartilage of the model group appeared degradation obviously,and the apoptosis index increased significantly（P〈0.05）compared with the normal group.The thickness of knee articular cartilage decreased markedly（P〈0.05）compared with the normal group.Obvious ultrastructural changes of the articular cartilage appeared in the model group,such as karyopyknosis,mitochondria swollen,endoplasmic reticulum was found to be dilatated,obvious degranulation,collagenous fiber breakage.Conclusion：Modified Hulth technique can successfully copy knee osteoarthritis models,simulate clinical pathological changes of knee osteoarthritis.