心理咨询对减低宫内节育器不良反应的干预效果分析

目的 探讨心理咨询对减少放置宫内节育器(intrauterine contraceptiv edevice,IUD)后不良反应的效果。方法 选择清城区计划生育服务站2011年3～4月行IUD放置术育龄妇女为研究对象,209例为干预组,217例为对照组。干预组通过术前录像宣传教育、问卷调查、心理咨询、音乐疗法等心理干预,解决手术者的焦虑情绪;对照组采用常规的健康宣传教育方法。术后分别于1、3、6、12月进行随访,比较两组放置IUD后的各种不良反应发生情况。结果 对照组术后1、3、6月的月经异常发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1、3月腰腹疼痛的发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1月IUD异位的发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1、3、6、12月白带异常的发生率高于干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 放置IUD术前行心理干预,可有效减少IUD的不良反应,有助于提高IUD的续用率。

Clinical analysis of the effect on mental intervention to reducing adverse reaction of intrauterine contraceptive device

Objective To explore the effect of mental intervention on reducing adverse reaction of intrauterine contraceptive device （IUD）. Methods The women with childbearing age having been made the operation of being input IUD in Qingchen District Family Planning Service Station in Qingyuan City from March to April of 2011 - y were chosen as the study objects and were divided into the intervention group including 209 cases and the control group including 217 cases randomly. Video propaganda and education, questionnaire investigation, psychological consultation, musicotherapy and so on methods of mental intervention were taken to the objects of the intervention group before the operation to relieve their anxiety; while only common health propaganda and education methods were taken to the objects of the comparison group. Follow - up visit were made in one, three, six and twelve months after the operation to compare the condition of side reactions between two groups after the IUD was input. Results after the operation, the incidence rate of abnormal menstruation of the comparison group was higher than that of the intervention group in one, three and six months after the operation and the difference was significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the incidence rate of lumbago and bellyache in the comparison group was higher than that of the intervention group in one and three months after the operation and the difference was significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the incidence rate of IUD displacement of the comparison group greatly raised compared to the intervention group in one month after the operation （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the incidence rate of abnormal leucorrhea of both the comparison and intervention groups highly went up in one,three, six and twelve months after the operation（P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Mental intervention before the operation of being input IUD can effectively reduce adverse reaction of the IUD and improve its continuation rate.