如皋市常住居民高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症患病率及危险因素调查

目的探讨如皋市居民高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症流行状况和危险因素,为制定慢性病防控策略提供依据。方法按照多阶段分层整群抽样的方法结合KISH表,随机抽取如皋市4个乡镇中≥18岁常住居民600名,进行面对面的问卷调查和体格检查。结果居民高血压患病率为45.3%、根据当年如皋市人口结构计算标化后的患病率为28.0%;居民糖尿病患病率为7.7%,标化率为4.5%;居民高脂血症患病率为29.5%,标化率为20.5%。危险因素分析结果表明,年龄越大(OR为3.79,95%CI:2.67⁵.37)、体重越重(OR为1.95,95%CI:1.545.37)、体重越重(OR为1.95,95%CI:1.54².46)、缺乏运动(OR为2.59,95%CI:1.182.46)、缺乏运动(OR为2.59,95%CI:1.18⁵.68)者患高血压的风险越大。超重与肥胖是糖尿病、高脂血症的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症严重危害着该市居民健康,控制体重、加强锻炼、养成良好的生活饮食习惯是预防的关键措施。

Analysis on prevalence and risk factors of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia of Rugao residents

Objective To study the epidemic situation and the risk factors of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia of Rug- ao residents ; to provide basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Using muhi-stage stratified cluster sam- pling method combined with KISH chart, 600 residents older than 18 years old from 4 towns were randomly selected for face- to-face questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Results The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipemia were 45.3% ,7.7% and 29.5 %, respectively;while the standardized rates were 28.0%, 4.5% and 20.5% ,respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis on multiple factors indicated that age（OR= 3.79,95 %CI：2.67--5.37）, large BMI（OR= 1.95,95 % CI ： 1.54-- 2.46） and lack of physical exercise（OR= 2.59,95 %CI ： 1.18-- 5.68） were risk factors for hypertension. Overweight and obesity were risk factors for diabetes and hyperlipemia（P~0.05）. Conclusion Hypertension, diabetes, hy- perlipidemia seriously endanger the health of Rugao residents. Controlling body weight, doing more exercise and developing good dietary habits are critical measures for disease prevention.