ELISA法与TPPA法检测梅毒螺旋体抗体的相关性研究

目的：探讨酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）与梅毒螺旋体抗体明胶颗粒凝集试验（TPPA）对梅毒螺旋体抗体检测的相关性。方法：采用ELISA法对患者血清进行梅毒螺旋体抗体检测,收集阳性血清标本207例,阴性标本50例,使用TPPA法进行确认;根据测定的s/co值将患者分为4组,分析各组TPPA的阳性率。结果：50份ELISA测定值s/co〈1的样本经TPPA检测均为阴性;62份ELISA测定值s/co为1-3.99的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为88.7%;80份ELISA测定值s/co为4-9.99的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为98.6%;65份ELISA测定值s/co≥10的样本经TPPA检测阳性率为100.0%。TPPA检测梅毒螺旋体抗体的阳性率均随着ELISA法s/co值的升高而升高（P〈0.01）。结论：ELISA检测梅毒具有高度的敏感性,自动化程度高,适合大批量标本的常规筛查,但对测定值s/co在1-9.99的样本应采用TPPA联合检测,以便尽可能减少假阳性,给临床对梅毒的诊断和治疗提供可靠实验室证据。

Relativity of ELISA and TPPA methods in detection of treponema pallidum antibody

Objective： To investigate the relativity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） and treponema pallidum antibody gelatin particle agglutination test（ TPPA） in detection of syphilis. Methods： Treponema pallidum antibodies in the serum were detected by ELISA,and a total of 207 positive samples and 50 negative samples were collected; then the collected samples were confirmed by TPPA test. According to the s /co value,the patients were divided into four groups and the positive rate of each group was analyzed by TPPA method. Results： The treponema pallidum antibody in the sera of 50 patients with s /co value 1 by ELISA were all negative when detected by TPPA; the positive rates of the serum treponema pallidum antibody in patients with s /co value of 1 to 3. 99,4 to 9. 99 and≥10 by ELISA were 88. 7%,98. 6% and 100. 0%,respectively. The positive rate of treponema pallidum antibody by TPPA test increased with the s /co value by ELISA method（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusions： ELISA is a highly sensitive and automated method in detection of syphilis,which is suitable for clinical routine screening of a large number of specimens. Test by ELISA and TPPA is recommended when s /co value is between 1 and 9. 99 in syphilis detection by ELISA to reduce the false positive possibility and provide more accurate laboratory evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.