五种不同止孕剂对小白鼠止孕演变过程的研究

本实验应用五种化学性质截然不同的止孕剂,揭示了小白鼠在妊娠各期药物止孕情况的变化过程。这个变化过程不因药物更改而改变,而是取决于小白鼠自身的止孕生理特性。小白鼠妊娠各期止孕变化过程可分为三个阶段。第一阶段,约在怀孕10天之内,药物杀死胚胎之后,胚胎无排出现象而留在子宫中吸收。第二阶段是在怀孕的第11—13天,在此期药物杀死胚胎后,胚胎仍留在子宫中被吸收,在胎仔死亡过程中,子宫有出血现象,个别的死胎在吸收过程中流出。第三阶段是在怀孕14天之后直至足月,各种流产剂的作用都导致活胎流产。这一止孕特点告诉我们在筛选计划生育药物时,若是为了观察药物杀死早期胚胎的效果,则应用怀孕10天之内的小白鼠;若是为了观察流产(排出)效果,则应用怀孕14天之后的小白鼠。而人的早期止孕是有排出特点的,所以用小白鼠筛选抗早孕药物时,既观察早期胚胎的杀死效果,同时也观察排出效果,这种筛选方法我们称谓“小白鼠比较止孕生理模型”筛选法。只有当观察到这两个指标的成功率都很高时,才可作进一步筛选。

STUDIES ON THE REGULARITY OF PREGNANCY-TERMINATION INDUCED BY FIVE ABORTIFACIENTS AT VARIOUS STAGES OF PREGNANCY IN MICE

It is yet an unfinished study what the regularity of pregnancy—termination at various stages of pregnancy in mouseis,although there were a few reports aboutpregnancy-termination of some stages.We have carried out observations on1124 cases by the administration of clinically efficient drugs,prostaglandin F_(2α)trichosanthin,yuanhuacine,rivanolum and another efficient drug in mouse andguinea pig efficient at various stages of pregnancy in mice and have proposedthe common regularity of pregnancy—termination in all groups.It was found thatembryos absorption occurred when the drug was administered through day 4 today 10,absorption accompanied with uterine bleeding occurred when the drugwas administered through day 11 to day 13,and living embryos were aborted whenany one of 5 drugs was injected after day 14.This regularity of pregnancy-termination might be associated with various developmental state of placenta,embryo or uterus,and the endocrine function in the fetoplacental system.Thereare two process that(1)injuries conceptus and placenta,(2)expels fetus in termination of first or second trimester pregnancy in human.So we believethat in the studies of pharmacology on termination of human early pregnancy,the uterine contraction effect should be examined and it appeared necessary tohave the drug injected on day 5 or day 6 and after day 14(such as day 16)in micein order to observe the effect on both embryos absorption and expulsion.Henceour observations are helpful for the selection of animal model in such studies.We call our animal model a“small animal model of comparative physiology.”