头针抗大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注炎症损伤的作用机制

目的：探讨头针治疗脑缺血的可能作用机制。 方法：采用线栓法制备大脑中动脉闭塞（middle cerebral artery occlusion，MCAO）再灌注模型。60只MCAO再灌注模型大鼠分为模型组和头针组，再根据缺血再灌注时间（24、48、72h）的不同，将模型组和头针组各随机分为3个亚组。另选10只大鼠行假手术作为假手术组。采用头针治疗，接穴位神经刺激仪，疏密波，频率2Hz／100Hz，强度2mA，每次30min，每天1次。应用神经功能缺损评分（neurological severity score，NSS）、苏木精和伊红（hematoxylin and eosin，HE）染色、聚合酶链反应及酶联免疫吸附测定法观察急性脑缺血再灌注后头针治疗对模型大鼠神经功能缺损，缺血脑组织环氧化酶2（cyclooxygenase-2，COX-2）、核因子κB（nuclear factor—kappaB，NF-κB）、转化生长因子β1（transforming growth factor—betal，TGF-β1）mRNA及蛋白含量的影响。 结果：头针组各时相的NSS与模型组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），以脑缺血再灌注72h后较明显。HE染色提示，头针组各时相脑组织白细胞浸润较模型组减轻，以脑缺血再灌注72h后最为明显。头针治疗组COX-2和NF—κB含量在24、48、72h均低于模型组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05），而头针治疗组TGF—β1含量在24、48、72h均显著高于模型组（P〈0．01）。结论：头针有利于脑缺血大鼠神经功能的恢复，可减轻急性脑缺血再灌注后神经元的损害，并在一定范围内降低损伤脑组织中COX-2和NF-κB的表达，增强TGF-β1的表达，从而减缓免疫炎症反应，减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。

Effects of scalp acupuncture on acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Objective： To explore the mechanisms of scalp acupuncture in treating cerebral ischemia in rats.
Methods： Sixty SD rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） were randomly divided into untreated group and scalp acupuncture group. The scalp acupuncture was performed by inserting needles from Baihui （GV20） to Qubin （GBT）, and the scalp was stabbed through 0.5 to 0.8 cun with a 30 degree angle. After a Han＇s Electro-Acupuncture Apparatus was connected, we selected ＂disperse-dense＂ wave and alternated frequency of 2 Hzand 100 Hz at an intensity level of 2 mA, 30 min once daily. Another 10 SD rats without artery occlusion were taken as sham-operated control. Neurological severity score （NSS）, hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining, polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were applied to observing the changes of neurofunctional defect, the inflammatory infiltration in cerebral tissue and the contents of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）, nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） and transforming growth factor-betal （TGF-1β） in brain tissues after 24-, 48- and 72-hour reperfusion.
Results： There were significant differences in NSS between the scalp acupuncture group and the untreated group （P〈0. 05, P〈0.01） after 24-, 48- and 72-hour reperfusion, especially after 72-hour reperfusion. HE staining results of ischemic cerebral tissues showed an apparent reduction of inflamed lesions in the scalp acupuncture group as compared with the untreated group, especially after 72-hour reperfusion. The contents of COX-2 and NF-κB after reperfusion in the scalp acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the untreated group in 24, 48 and 72 h （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）, and the contents of TGF-β1 in scalp acupuncture group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group after 24-, 48- and 72-hour reperfusion （P〈0.01）.
Conclusion： Scalp acupuncture can attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, improve neurofunctional rehabilitation and suppress leukocyte infiltration in rats by decreasing the contents of COX-2 and NF-κB and enhancing TGF-β1 expression in brain tissues.