重症监护室非发酵菌的检出率及其耐药性分析

目的 了解某院重症监护室(ICU)医院感染病原菌中非发酵菌的分布及其耐药情况。方法 用VITEK—AMS仪鉴定细菌，K—B纸片扩散法做体外药敏试验，统计、分析非发酵菌的检出率和药敏结果。结果 ICU医院感染非发酵菌的阳性检出率为38．36％，其中，铜绿假单胞菌最为常见(18．75％)，其次为鲍曼不动杆菌(11．18％)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(4．38％)。不同感染部位非发酵菌的感染率(不同感染部位标本的阳性检出率)各不相同，以呼吸系统和皮肤切口的阳性率最高，分别为65．40％和51．23％。铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对多种抗菌药物表现为较高的耐药性。结论 ICU医院感染病原菌中非发酵菌的检出率较高且耐药性强；治疗非发酵菌感染应根据体外药敏试验结果选用敏感的抗菌药物。

The isolation rate and antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenters causing nosocomial infection in ICU

Objective To evaluate the isolation rate and antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenters causing nosocomial infection in ICU in a hospital. Methods The bacteria were identified by VITEK-AMS, and the antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done according to the disc agar diffusion methods. Results The isolation rate of nonfermenters in ICU was 38.36%, the most common bacterium was P.aeruginosa ( 18.75%), the next was A.baumannii ( 11.18%) and S.maltophilia ( 4.38%). The bacterial isolation rates were different among different sites, respiratory system and skin incision had the highest bacterial isolation rate, which was 65.40% and 51.23% respectively. P.aeruginosa, A.baumannii and S.maltophilia had high antimicrobial resistant rate. Conclusion The isolation rate of nonfermenters were rather high in the nosocomial infection in patients of ICU, the resistant rates of nonfermenters to the antimicrobials were high, the drugs for the treatment of the infection caused by nonfermenters should be chosen according to the result of the antimicrobial susceptibility test.