多孔钽金属置入治疗早期股骨头坏死的研究与应用现状

Porous tantalum implants in the early treatment of femoral head necrosis

BACKGROUND: Porous tantalum rod implantation is a relatively new technique that has been applied to patients with early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head, but its efficacy is mixed.OBJECTIVE: To review the etiology and pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and the latest research progress of porous tantalum rod implantation.METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI database was performed for articles related to the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and porous tantalum rod implantation published from 1985 to 2015. The key words were “osteonecrosis of the femoral head, etiology, porous tantalum rod, tissue engineering, nanomaterials, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells” in Chinese and English in the title and abstract. Finally, 67 articles were included in result analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The porous tantalum rod is considered effective for early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head patients in short term. More recently, the porous tantalum rod implantation combined with other therapies, such as stem cell transplantation, has developed for long-term reserving the hip in early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Therefore, we need further clinical trials for long-term follow-up to give a final clinical and socioeconomic assessment of porous tantalum rod implantation. Moreover, the most effective approach and position of porous tantalum rod implantation have not been reported until now.