组织工程血管支架材料的研究与进展

Tissue-engineered vascular scaffold materials

BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered vascular scaffold materials have been developed from pure natural materials to degradable composite materials and nano polymer materials, and the preparation method has also been developed from the manual technology to the rapid proto-typing technology.OBJECTIVE: To clarify the advantages and disadvantages, application and research hotspots of different tissue-engineered vascular scaffold materials, and to find a suitable scaffold material for clinical treatment.METHODS: The first author retrieved databases of PubMed, CNKI and CqVip for relevant articles about tissue-engineered vascular scaffolds published from 1985 to 2015. The key words were “tissue engineering, tissue engineered, blood vessel, vascular, scaffold” in English and Chinese, respectively. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 articles were reviewed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Non-degradable materials are mainly used to construct large diameter  tissue-engineered blood vessels. Natural biomaterials have good biocompatibility, which can provide necessary signals for cells and promote cell attachment and retain cell differentiation ability. Degradable polymer composite materials have good biocompatibility, whose mechanical properties, degradation rate and microstructure can be controlled, and they can be mass-produced according to the design requirements. The composite materials inheriting the advantages of natural biomaterials and synthetic polymer materials have become the most ideal scaffold materials and will be a research focus in the future.