深圳市龙岗区2002—2007年5岁以下儿童意外死亡分析

目的：了解深圳市龙岗区5岁以下儿童意外死亡的现况与特点。方法：分析2002—2007年5岁以下儿童意外死亡类别及分布。结果：5岁以下儿童意外死亡率成逐年下降趋势：儿童意外死亡为5岁以下儿童死亡的第1位原因，占总死亡数的20．32％，意外死亡主要原因为溺水、意外窒息、交通意外，溺水主要发生在1～4岁幼儿，意外窒息主要发生在婴儿。儿童意外死亡占死亡比例在1～4岁幼儿最高，暂住人口高于户籍和流动人口，未见有性别差异。结论：意外伤害已成为5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因，应采取综合措施，提高群众自我保健和防范意识，最大限度地降低儿童意外死亡，提高儿童生存水平。

Unexpected death of the children under 5 at Longgang district of Shenzhen from 2002 to 2007

Objective To explore the status quo and characteristics of unexpected death Oof the children under 5 at Longgang district of Shenzhen from 2002 to 2007.Methods Death data of the children under the age of 5 from 2002 to 2007 were collected,and the distribution and relevant factors such as the classification of unexpected death of the children were analyzed.Results The mortality rate decreased year by year from 2002 to 2007.Of the dead children,20.32 percent were unexpected death,which was the first death reason for children.Children with unexpected death were mainly died of drowning,unexpected asphyxiation and traffic accidents.Children aged from 1 to 4 years old chiefly died of drowning,and unexpected asphyxiation which mainly occured in infants.The proportion of the unexpected death of children aged from 1 to 4 was the highest in all death,furthermore the proportion of the unexpected death of children among temporary population is higher than that of the children with permanent and floating population,but there was no gender difference.Conclusions Accidents have become the primary death causes in children under 5 years old.Comprehensive measures should be adopted to reduce unexpected death in children and improve the living standards of children by improving the awareness of people's self-protection and health care.