放疗联合免疫治疗的抗肿瘤免疫机制研究进展

作为恶性肿瘤的重要治疗方法之一，放疗通常被认为是一种局部治疗手段。然而，近年来越来越多的研究提示合理的放疗剂量和分割模式可改善肿瘤微环境，诱导肿瘤细胞免疫原性死亡，形成原位疫苗，激活全身的抗肿瘤免疫效应。同时，免疫治疗可有效增强放疗的抗肿瘤免疫作用，已在临床前研究中得到证实，正在临床研究中进行广泛探索。该文对放疗的抗肿瘤免疫效应及相关机制、放疗与免疫治疗联合应用的研究进展进行了综述。

Advances in antitumor immune mechanisms of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy

As a significant treatment for tumors, radiotherapy is often considered a local therapy.However, an increasing number of researches indicate that reasonable radiation dose schedules can improve the tumor environment, induce immunogenic tumor cell death, provide in situ vaccine, and stimulate systemic antitumor effect.Meanwhile, immunotherapy can enhance the effect induced by radiotherapy, which has been proved in preclinical studies and is widely investigated in clinical studies.This review focuses on the immune response and mechanisms of radiotherapy, and advances in the application of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy.