高原驻训士兵返回平原后高原脱适应症与训练倦怠的关系研究

目的：探讨高原驻训士兵返回平原后高原脱适应症发生率及与训练倦怠之间的关系。方法抽取驻疆某部高原驻训返回平原1周后140名士兵作为调查对象，采用自编士兵训练倦怠问卷方式进行测评，分有、无高原脱适应症状两组，比较两组训练倦怠间的差异性，同时分析高原脱适应症与训练倦怠的相关性。结果①高原驻训士兵返回平原后脱适应症发生率为80．00％，与高原维稳部队返回平原后脱适应症状发生率78．36％（χ2＝0．188，P＝0．664）、高原移居者返回平原后脱适应症发生率75．10％（χ2＝1．279， P＝0．258）均无显著性差异。疲倦（12．86％）、头晕（11．43％）、乏力（10．00％）位居高原脱适应症状前3位。②有高原脱适应症状士兵训练倦怠总分及身心耗竭、训练疏离得分显著高于无高原脱适应症状士兵（ P＜0．01）。体质量超重士兵高原脱适应症发生率显著高于体质量正常士兵（P＜0．05）。③进入高原驻训士兵返回平原后，高原脱适应症与训练倦怠的回归方程（P＜0．01）为：训练倦怠＝0．498×高原脱适应症－0．126×年龄＋0．038×军龄＋0．069×文化程度＋0．029×体质指数。结论高原驻训士兵返回平原后高原脱适应症与训练倦怠存在一定程度的关联性，减少高原脱适应症的发生，有助于降低训练倦怠程度。

Relationships between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain

Objective To explore the relationship between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau-garrisoned soldiers after returning to the plain.Methods A total of 140 plateau-garrisoned soldiers who had returned to the plain were chosen by random cluster sampling and measured with the Training Burnout Test.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of acute mountain sickness.We compared the differences in training burnout between the two groups and analyzed the relationship between acute mountain sickness and training burnout. Results ①The incidence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome of plateau-garrisoned soldiers was 80.00% after returning to the plain.There was statistically significant difference between plateau soldiers after returning to the plain,the plateau stability-keeping forces that returned to the plain (78.36%) (χ2 =0.188, P=0.664) and plateau migrants who returned to the plain (75.10%) (χ2 =1.279, P=0.258).Main symptoms of high altitude de-adaptation were fatigue (12.86%), dizziness (11.43%) and meakness (10.00%).②Compared with soldiers who had no high altitude de-adaptation syndrome, victims of de-adaptation syndrome had higher scores of training burnout, physical and psychological exhaustion and training-alienation (P<0.01).Compared with soldiers who had normal body mass indexes, those who were overweight had higher incidence of altitude de-adaptation (P<0.05).③The regression equation between plateau de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain (P<0.01) is:Training burnout =0.498 ×plateau de-adaptation syndrome -0.126 ×age+0.038 ×length of military service +0.069 ×educational degree+0.029 ×body mass index.Conclusion There exist correlations between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain.Reducing the occurrence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome can help reduce the degree of training burnout.