维持性透析患者高脂蛋白(a)水平影响因素探讨

目的探讨血液透析患者脂蛋白（a）Lp（a）]代谢紊乱机制，为寻找有效控制Lp（a）紊乱的方法提供理论基础。方法采用高分辨SDS-琼脂糖凝胶电泳联合免疫印迹法检测66例维持性血液透析（MHD）患者、51例终末期肾病（ESRD）患者和62例健康对照apo（a）表型，监测常见的影响Lp（a）水平的网素指标，统计分析并找出与维持性透析患者高Lp（a）水平密切相关的因素。结果LWM表型中，MHD组与ESRD组Lp（a）中位数浓度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但显著高于健康对照组（P〈0．05）。与健康对照组相比，MHD组、ESRD组相天指标肌酐（Crea）、清蛋白（Alb）、血红蛋白（Hb）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、胱抑素（CysC）检测结果差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。MHD组与ESRD组相比，Crea、CRP、CysC结果差异有统计学意义（P〈o．05）。LWM表型患者Lp（a）浓度与Alb、CysC存在相关性（P〈0．05）；HWM表型中与Lp（a）浓度相关的指标则是CRP和CysC（P〈0．01）。但就MHD组总体来讲，Lp（a）浓度与Alb和CysC结果相关（P〈0．01）。回归分析表明，就MHD组总体而言，apo（a）表型、Alb、CysC进入了回归方程，确定系数（r^2）为0．348，其中apo（a）表型对应的r^2为0．121，CysC埘应的，上为0．178，Alb埘应的r^2为0．049。结论导致维持性血液透析患者高Lp（a）水平的机制是多种因素共同作用的结果，而且不同表型的Lp（a）升高原因存在差异，临床上可考虑针对不同表型采取不同措施，以达到更好的治疗效果。

The influential factors for elevated serum level of lipoprotein (a) in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To clarify the mechanism of lipoprotein (a) ［Lp (a)］ metabolic disorder in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), and to offer theoretical basis for seeking for modus operandi of disorder control.Methods The apolipoprotein (a)［apo(a)］ isoforms were identified by high-resolution SDS-agarose gel electrophoretic method followed by immunobloting in 61 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD group), 51 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD group) and 62 healthy controls (healthy control group). The influential factors for elevated serum level of lipoprotein (a) in MHD group were analyzed by applying statistical method.Results No statistical difference of Lp (a) median level was found between MHD group and ESRD group in LWM isoforms, but their level was significantly higher than that of healthy control group. In MHD group, the concentrations of serum creatine(Crea),cystatin C(CysC) and C-reactive protein(CRP) were significantly higher (P<0.05), while the concentrations of albumin(Alb) and Hb were lower than those of healthy control group (P<0.05). The concentration of LDL-C had no significant difference between MHD group and healthy control group. Compared with those of ESRD group, the levels of Crea, CRP and CysC were not significantly increased (P<0.05) in MHD group. There was no difference in the level of Lp (a) between the MHD and the ESRD patients with LMW-apo (a) isoforms (P>0.05), but compared with healthy control group, the serum levels of Lp (a) in the two groups were remarkably increased (P<0.05). The level of Lp (a) with LMW-apo (a) were significantly correlated with Alb and CysC respectively (P<0.05). The level of Lp (a) with HMW-apo (a) of MHD patients were higher than that of ESRD patients (P<0.05). The patients in the two groups had higher levels of Lp (a) as compared with those of healthy control group. The positive correlation of Lp (a) level with CRP and CysC was observed in patients with HMW-apo (a) (P<0.01). As MHD group as concerned, Lp (a) level was associated with Alb and CysC (P<0.01); regression analysis showed that apo (a) isoforms, Alb and CysC were listed in the regression equation, and the determinate coefficient (r2) was 0.348, in which the respective r2 of apo (a) isoforms, Alb and CysC was 0.121, 0.178 and 0.049.Conclusion Multiple factors may contribute to the high level of Lp (a) in MHD patients. Moreover, Lp (a) with different isoforms of apo (a) had different influencing factors. The corresponding therapeutic measure should be taken according to apo (a) isoforms in order to acquire better therapeutic efficacy for MHD patients.