护理人员觉察压力特征及其影响因素

目的探讨护理人员觉察压力现状及述情障碍对觉察压力的影响。方法采用一般情况调查表、觉察压力量表(PSS)和多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)对487名护理人员进行问卷调查。结果护理人员觉察压力总分为25.72±4.64;护士和护师的觉察压力总分和控制感因子得分高(F=5.187、4.008,P<0.05);30岁以下护理人员的觉察压力总分、控制感和超载感得分高(F=4.855、4.255、3.815,P<0.05);本科及以上护理人员的预测感得分较高(F=1.138,P<0.05);识别情感困难和描述情感困难是影响觉察压力的重要因素。结论护理人员心理压力较大,30岁以下护士、护师、本科及以上护理人员需要更多关注;可通过提高护理人员识别和描述情感的能力来改善其心理压力。

Characteristics and influencing factors of perceived stress in nursing staff

Objective To investigate the perceived stress of nursing staff and the influence of alexithymia on it. Methods A total of 487 nurses were asked to finish the general information questionnaire, perceived stress scale（PSS） and Toronto alexithymia scale （TAS-20）. Results The PSS of nursing staff was 25.72 ± 4.64. In perceived total stress and control feeling dimension nurses and nurse practitioners scored significantly higher than nurses-in-charge （F = 5. 187, P 〈 0.05;F = 4. 008, P 〈 0.05 ）. In perceived total stress and control feeling and overload dimensions nurses aged under 30 scored significantly higher than those over the age of 30 （ F = 4. 855, P 〈 O. 05 ; F = 4. 255, P 〈 0.05 ; F = 3.815, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The forecast score was significantly higher in nurses of bachelor degree or above（ F = 1. 138, P 〈 0.05 ）. Difficulties identifying feelings and difficulties describing feelings ,the factors of alexithymia, took important effects on the perceived stress. Conclusion The perceived stress of nursing staff is quite high, and more attention should be paid to nurses aged under 30 years, nurse practitioners and nurses of bachelor degree or above, Nursing administrators could reduce the perceived stress of nurses by improving the abilities to identify and describe feelings.