超声弹性成像技术评价2型糖尿病患者颈动脉和足背动脉血管壁弹性

目的：利用超声弹性成像技术评价2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者颈动脉、足背动脉血管壁弹性的变化及与年龄的关系。方法研究对象分为T2DM组和对照组，各78人，使用高频线阵探头分别测量二组颈动脉、足背动脉内径（D），并用超声弹性成像技术对血管壁弹性进行评估，计算血管内血液与血管壁的应变率比值（B/A）。然后将二组的血管内径、B/A值进行比较分析。同时把T2DM组、对照组按年龄分为青年亚组，中年亚组及老年亚组，比较不同年龄段B/A值与年龄的关系。结果两组间颈动脉、足背动脉血管内径相似，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；T2DM组B/A值明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；对照组不同年龄段B/A值随年龄增加而增加，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；T2DM组不同年龄段B/A值随年龄增加无明显变化，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论T2DM组较对照组颈动脉、足背动脉血管壁弹性明显下降；对照组血管弹性随年龄增长而减低；T2DM组血管弹性随年龄增长无明显变化。超声弹性成像技术能在血管形态学改变之前对管壁弹性进行评价，具有方便、快捷、无创特点，对糖尿病的早期治疗有指导意义。

The Assessment of carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot wall elasticity in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by ul-trasound elastography

Objective To evaluate the change of carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot wall elasticity and its rela-tionship with ages in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）by ultrasound elastography.Methods Patients were divided into two groups as 78 cases of T2DM and 78 cases in control group.The carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot vessel diameter in above two groups were measured by High-frequency linear array probe.The ratio B/A （the rati-o of elastic stiffness coefficient）of the carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot were calculated by ultrasound elastogra-phy.The vessel diameter and B/A data were analyzed comparatively.The control group and T2DM group were divided into three subgroups by age,young group,middle-age group and old group.Thus B/A and correlation with ages of a-bove subgroups were compared and discussed correspondingly.Results There was no significant difference in carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot vessel diameters of two groups（P〉0.05）.The strain ratio （B/A）of T2DM group was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）.The carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot wall elasticity and the age were positively correlated in control group （P〈0.05）.The carotid artery and dorsal artery of foot wall e-lasticity and the age were not positively correlated in T2DM group （P〉0.05）.Conclusion Ultrasound elastography can accurately and rapidly evaluate vascular inj ury before morphological change of vascular wall,which can help clinical physician with convenient、spangking、early and no offensive treatment.