脑卒中患者医院肺部感染危险因素分析

目的研究脑卒中患者发生医院肺部感染的相关危险因素。方法对2003年1月-2006年4月在某院住院治疗的731例脑卒中患者医院肺部感染情况及其危险因素进行统计分析。结果731例脑卒中患者发生医院感染98例，医院感染率为13．41％，其中肺部感染者59例，肺部感染发生率8．07％，占医院感染的60．20％。脑卒中患者医院肺部感染的发生主要与患者卒中类型、年龄、是否合并意识障碍、球麻痹、糖尿病及是否留置胃管或机械通气等因素有关。结论脑卒中患者并发的医院感染中，以肺部感染为主。出血性脑血管疾病及合并糖尿病患者医院肺部感染发病率较高；对于意识障碍者，应慎用侵人性操作，对合并球麻痹患者建议早期使用鼻胃管喂食。

Analysis on related risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with cerebral apoplexy

Objective To study the related risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP) in patients with cerebral apoplexy.Methods The occurrence and risk factors of HAP in 731 patients with cerebral apoplexy in a hospital during the period from January,2003 to April,2006 were analysed statistically.Results Ninety-eight of 731 patients developed nosocomial infection(NI),the NI rate was 13.41%,59 of which were HAP,HAP rate was 8.07%, which accounting for 60.20% of NI.HAP in patients with cerebral apoplexy was mainly related with the type of stroke,age of onset,disorder of consciousness,bulbar paralysis,diabetes,nasogastric tube feeding and mechanical ventilation.Conclusion HAP is the main NI in patients with cerebral apoplexy.Patients with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases and complicating with diabetes have high incidence of HAP;patients with disorder of consciousness should undergo invasive manipulation prudently,patients complicating with bulbar paralysis are suggested to use nasogastric tube early.