早产影响因素的多中心病例对照研究

目的探讨北京市二级专科医院早产发生的影响因素。方法以2009年8月至2010年8月期间在北京市5家二级专科医院住院分娩的早产产妇为研究对象,按照同分娩医院、产妇年龄、分娩时间进行1∶1配对,共统计早产产妇1323例和足月分娩产妇1323例,通过查阅病例、询问产妇来完成问卷调查。结果产前保健、均衡饮食、常住地址为城镇是早产的保护性因素,受教育程度低、负性生活事件、孕期性生活、前置胎盘、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、早产史、胎膜早破是早产的危险因素。结论早产与多种因素相关,需要从个体、家庭、社会等多方面采取措施,进行广泛有效的健康教育和医疗保健服务,尽量减少和预防早产的发生。

Risk factors for preterm birth in Beijing: a multi-center case-control study

Objective To explore the risk factors for preterm birth in maternal and child health hospitals in Beijing.Methods A 1:1 case-control study was performed.Data of 1 323women with preterm birth (case group) and 1 323 women with term delivery (control group) in five maternal and child health hospitals in Beijing were retrospectively analyzed.Demographic characteristics and pregnancy history , pregnancy complications and delivery outcomes were obtained from medical records and patient interview during postnatal hospitalization.Results Women who lived in towns and cities , had a balanced diet and had a record of prenatal care were less likely to have preterm birth.Less education , stressful life events , sexual activity , placenta previa , gestational diabetes mellitus , hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy , history of preterm birth , premature rupture of membrane were independent risk factors.Conclusion Actions on preterm prevention should be fully considered , including factors as personal characteristic , family support , medical institutions and so on.