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MR spectroscopy of the human brain with enhanced signal intensity at ultrashort echo times on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T
Authors:Ralf Mekle  Vladimír Mlynárik  Giulio Gambarota  Martin Hergt  Gunnar Krueger  Rolf Gruetter
Affiliation:1. Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland;2. Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Medical Solutions–Centre d'Imagerie BioMedicale (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland;4. Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Abstract:Recently, the spin‐echo full‐intensity acquired localized (SPECIAL) spectroscopy technique was proposed to unite the advantages of short TEs on the order of milliseconds (ms) with full sensitivity and applied to in vivo rat brain. In the present study, SPECIAL was adapted and optimized for use on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T by combining interleaved water suppression (WS) and outer volume saturation (OVS), optimized sequence timing, and improved shimming using FASTMAP. High‐quality single voxel spectra of human brain were acquired at TEs below or equal to 6 ms on a clinical 3T and 7T system for six volunteers. Narrow linewidths (6.6 ± 0.6 Hz at 3T and 12.1 ± 1.0 Hz at 7T for water) and the high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the artifact‐free spectra enabled the quantification of a neurochemical profile consisting of 18 metabolites with Cramér‐Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) below 20% at both field strengths. The enhanced sensitivity and increased spectral resolution at 7T compared to 3T allowed a two‐fold reduction in scan time, an increased precision of quantification for 12 metabolites, and the additional quantification of lactate with CRLB below 20%. Improved sensitivity at 7T was also demonstrated by a 1.7‐fold increase in average SNR (= peak height/root mean square [RMS]‐of‐noise) per unit‐time. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Keywords:human brain  proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy  high magnetic field  short echo time  3T  7T
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