2007—2011年深圳市龙岗区布吉街道职业卫生现状

目的掌握2007—2011年深圳市龙岗区布吉辖区企业职业卫生现状,为今后职业卫生监督管理提供科学依据。方法依据国家职业卫生标准及规范,对辖区内所有企业2007—2011年职业卫生状况进行调查,对职业性有害因素的浓度和强度进行检测,对接触职业性有害因素的工人进行健康检查。结果至2011年底布吉辖区存在职业性有害因素的企业135家(占辖区现有企业12.90%),主要职业性有害因素包括有机溶剂、粉尘、噪声等。2007—2011年有机溶剂检测1 370个点,合格率为96.50%;粉尘检测264个点,合格率为95.83%;噪声检测532个点,合格率为62.22%。不同行业的职业性有害因素合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。共发生职业病5例(包括2例职业中毒),疑似职业病1例。各职业性有害因素接触企业的防护设施设置率和个体防护率处于缓慢增长趋势,接触职业性有害因素的劳动者岗前及离岗职业健康检查率较低。结论该辖区企业职业卫生状况存在较多问题,应加强职业卫生监督管理,按规定做好职业卫生监测和职业健康监护工作。

Current status of the occupational health in Buji Subdistrict of Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2007-2011

Objective]To investigate the current status of occupational health in Buji Subdistrict of Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2007-2011,and provide scientific evidence for further progress in supervising occupational health.Methods]An investigation was carried out in enterprises of Buji Subdistrict bout occupational health status of 2007-2011 according to the national standard and criteria of occupational health.Detections were made on the concentration and intensity of the occupational hazards in the enterprises.And occupational health surveillance was carried out on workers exposed to hazards.Results]A total of 135 enterprises were found to have occupational hazards till the end of 2011,which occupied 12.90% of all the enterprises in Buji Subdistrict.The main harmful factors that caused the occupational diseases were organic solvent,dust and noise.From 2007-2011,the organic solvent was detected on 1 370 points,the eligible rate was 96.50%,dust was on 264 points,the eligible rate was 95.83%,noise on 532 points,the eligible rate was 62.22%.The eligible rate of occupational exposure of hazardous factors varied significantly in different industries(P<0.05).There were 5 new occupational cases(including 2 occupational poisoning cases) and 1 suspected case.Protection facilities set rate and the rate of individual protection of industries with occupational hazards were increasing slowly.The occupational examination rate of workers with occupational hazards exposure before service and leaving was low.Conclusion]Many problems of occupational health exist in enterprises of Buji Subdistrict,So supervision of occupational health should be enhanced,and occupational health surveillance should be strengthened as well.