中药联合干细胞疗法治疗缺血性脑卒中的研究进展

脑卒中是全球致死和致残的主要疾病之一,其中缺血性脑卒中是最常见的卒中类型。近年来,随着再生医学领域的发展,国内外对干细胞疗法的研究不断深入。研究证实,干细胞疗法,包括激活内源性神经干细胞和外源性干细胞移植,可以促进内源性神经和血管再生,修复神经损伤,从而改善神经功能,在缺血性脑卒中治疗领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而,该疗法存在细胞存活、迁移及分化率较低的问题,目前尚无有效解决方案。中医药治疗中风已有数千年历史,积累了丰富的临床经验,传统中药用于治疗缺血性脑损伤的疗效已得到肯定。近年来又有研究发现,中药对体内外多种干细胞的增殖、分化等生理活动有促进作用,中药联合干细胞疗法已用于多种疾病的治疗。进一步的研究发现,中药可激活缺血损伤脑组织内源性神经干细胞,促进神经自我修复,并对移植干细胞在体内的一系列生物活动有协同作用。笔者对近几年缺血性脑卒中治疗的研究进行整理、归纳、总结,从干细胞疗法角度对中药复方、单味药以及有效成分在缺血性脑卒中方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为中医药的研究提供新思路,并为中药的进一步深入开发应用提供参考。

Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined with Stem Cell Therapy on Ischemic Stroke

Stroke is one of the major causes of global death and disability; and ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke. In recent years, with the development of regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy has become a hotspot. Studies have confirmed that stem cell therapy, including activation of endogenous neural stem cells and exogenous stem cell transplantation, can promote endogenous nerve and vascular regeneration, repair nerve damage, so as to improve neurological function, with a broad prospect in the treatment of ischemic stroke. However, survival, migration and differentiation rates of stem cells remain low, with no effective solution. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) have been applied in the treatment of stroke for thousands of years. Recently, researchers have found that TCM can promote proliferation, differentiation and other physiological activities of stem cells in vitro and in vivo. TCM combined with stem cell therapy has been used to treat multiple diseases. Further studies have found that TCM can activate endogenous neural stem cells of ischemic brain tissues, and promote nerve repair, with a synergistic effect on transplanted stem cells. To provide theoretical support for subsequent studies, we summarized the studies of ischemic stroke in recent years and reviewed the progress of studies on the effect of TCM with stem cell therapy in treating ischemic stroke.