单生子与双生子早产儿视网膜病变发生率及危险因素分析

目的探讨并分析单生子与双生子早产儿视网膜病变的发生率及相关危险因素。方法对我院新生儿重症监护病区收治的183例早产儿进行回顾性分析,按单生子或双生子分为两组,分别记录性别、胎龄、出生体重、分娩方式、吸氧情况、有无并发症（肺炎、败血症、贫血）、有无母妊高征、有无输血及使用多巴胺,并进行2检验和logistic回归分析。结果 136例单生子中ROP发生率为19.12%;47例双生子中ROP发生率为34.05%,二者差异具有显著性（p〈0.05）。单因素分析得出单生子ROP的发生与胎龄、出生体重、吸氧、机械通气有相关性（p〈0.05）,多因素Logistic回归分析表明出生体重和胎龄为ROP的高危因素。结论低出生体重、小胎龄、吸氧及机械通气为单生子早产儿视网膜病变的危险因素;双生子视网膜病变发生率高于单生子,与其多为极早产儿与极低出生体重儿有关。

THE INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS ANALYSIS OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN CASES WITH SINGLE-FETUS AND TWIN PREMATURE INFANTS

Objective To discuss and analyze the mobility and related risk factors between prematurity single - fetus and twins with retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）. Methods 183 cases of premature infants in neonatal inten- sive care unit of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, be grouped according to single - fetus or twins. The relation- ship between ROP and sex, GA, BW, obstetric labor,oxygen inhalation, pregnant complications （ pneumonia, septice- mia, anemia）, pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome, blood transfusion and dopamine were analyzed, and checked %2 test and logistic regression. Results 136 cases of single birth in the incidence of ROP was 19.12% ,47 cases of twins, the incidence of ROP was 34. 05%, and there is a significant difference （p 〈 0. 05 ）. Single factor analysis of va- riance shows ROP of single -fetus are related with low BW, low GA, oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation （p 〈 O. 05 ）. Multivariate logistic regression proved that BW and GA were high -risk factors. Conclusion The risk fac- tors for the single -fetus with ROP are BW, GA, as well as oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation; The twins＇ incidence of ROP is higher than single -fetus＇, it＇s related with twins＇ super premature Birth and super- low BW.