面神经管裂缺处面神经组织学观察

目的探讨先天性面神经管裂处神经外膜缺陷可能引起的病理学改变。方法采用光学显微镜对美国明尼苏达大学颞骨病理实验室１５２６具颞骨连续切片的面神经颞骨全程进行组织病理学观察。结果发现先天性面神经管裂者８８５耳，其中４８耳在管裂处神经外膜缺损，其中４０耳面神经从管裂处疝出，有１３耳在管裂处形成外生性面神经鞘瘤。３耳在管裂处面神经受炎性细胞浸润。而管裂处有神经外膜覆盖的８３７耳均未见此类病变。结论面神经管裂处神经外膜的缺损是此处面神经疝出、外生性神经鞘瘤形成和面神经易于受炎症浸润的组织解剖学原因。

Histopathology observations of the facial nerve on dehiscence of the facial nerve canal

Objective To explore the possible histopathologic changes induced by the seriously defective epinurium on congenital dehiscent facial nerve canal. Methods The facial nerves at the dehiscent facial nerve canal of 885 human temporal bones from otopathology laboratory of the University of Minnesota, USA were observed histopathologically under light microscope. Results It showed that the seriously defective epineurium at the dehiscence was found in 48 ears. Of the 48 ears, the facial nerves in forty ears had herniated out from the dehiscence area, in thirteen ears on the outgrowing facial nerve had at the dehiscence areas and facial nerves in three ears with otitis media was obviously infiltrated with inflammatory cells. No similar pathologic change was found in all the 837 ears with the dehiscence covered by epineurium. Conclusion The seriously defective epineurium at the dehiscencesite is a histological cause for the herniation of facial nerve and formation of outgrowing Schwannomas and inflammatory infiltration of facial nerve.