黑龙江省社区居民生殖健康服务开展状况及需求基线调查

目的:了解黑龙江省社区居民接受生殖健康服务的现状,为制定人群生殖健康服务战略提供政策依据。方法:2020年7月—9月采用随机抽样的方法抽取黑龙江省7个地市,每个地市随机选取2个社区卫生服务机构,针对社区居民开展问卷调查。结果:针对1281份有效问卷进行统计学分析,在7个地市中,居民已接受的生殖健康服务以政策法律宣传(72.3%)、健康教育(44.9%)和定期生殖系统检查为主,但仍有38.4%的居民未接受相关服务;已接受服务的居民半数以上对服务感到满意;"希望得到的生殖健康知识"分别是优生及保健(55.40%)、生殖道感染及性传播疾病和艾滋病(36.1%)、孕期及产褥期保健(23.5%)和生殖健康相关政策(21.7%);调查对象希望获得生殖健康知识或信息的渠道首选为"宣传折页"(46.3%),其次为"报刊杂志"(33.8%);领取避孕药具的方式分别是"卫生室/医院免费领取"(56.7%)、"自动发放机免费领取"(43.9%)和"在单位免费领取"(35.0%)。居民是否接受政府提供的免费生殖健康服务受性别和婚姻状态的影响(P<0.05);女性宫颈癌的知晓情况受教育水平、婚姻状态及社交网络软件使用频率的影响(P<0.05)。结论:相当一部分居民未接受生殖健康服务的现状。提示应通过社区卫生服务中心等医疗机构的服务和政府主导的生殖健康教育互联网平台及新媒体宣传等方式,针对不同人群的不同需求开展生殖健康咨询和教育工作,提高居民生殖健康知识水平,预防生殖健康疾病。

Baseline Survey on the Development Status and Demand of Reproductive Health Services for Community Residents in Heilongjiang Province

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of reproductive health services in Heilongjiang Province,providing a policy basis for the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China to develop a family planning/reproductive health service strategy.METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted for community residents in community health services in 7 municipalities in Heilongjiang Province from July 2020 to September 2020,using a random sampling method.RESULTS Statistical analysis of 1281 valid questionnaires showed that in the seven municipalities,the reproductive health services people have received mainly in terms of policy and law promotion(72.3%),health education(44.9%)and regular reproductive system checkups,but a significant portion of the population(38.4%)did not receive related services;more than half of the people who had received services were satisfied with the services.The"desired knowledge about reproductive health"was eugenics and health care(55.40%),reproductive tract infections,sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS(36.1%),pregnancy and puerperium health care(23.5%),and reproductive health-related policies(21.7%).The first choice of the channels through which the survey respondents wished to obtain reproductive health knowledge or information was"leaflets"(46.3%),followed by"newspapers and magazines"(33.8%).The methods of receiving contraceptives were"free of charge at health offices/hospitals"(56.7%),"free of charge at automatic dispensers"(43.9%),and"free of charge at work"(35.0%);whether residents received free reproductive health services provided by the government was influenced by gender and marital status(P<0.05);cervical cancer awareness among women was influenced by education level,marital status and social network software use(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In response to the current situation that a significant portion of the population has not received reproductive health services,through the services of medical institutions such as community health service centers and government-led reproductive health education internet platforms and new media campaigns,reproductive health counseling and education work should be carried out for the different needs of different groups of people to improve residents’reproductive health knowledge level and prevent reproductive health diseases.