肿瘤相关巨噬细胞研究进展

单核巨噬细胞是一种多功能细胞，对不同的微环境信号应答表现出不同的功能。而极化的MI和M2巨噬细胞是巨噬细胞功能表现的两个极端。其中侵润到肿瘤组织的巨噬细胞受肿瘤诱导产生的细胞因子的影响使巨噬细胞表现出巨噬细胞M2型表型，这些极化的巨噬细胞在破坏适应性免疫反应和促进肿瘤生长与进展方面具有重要作用。肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）可以促进肿瘤进展包括促进肿瘤生长、侵润、转移，促进血管生长和免疫抑制等，因而研究TAM具有重要意义。

Tumor-associated macrophages

Mononuclear phagocytes are versatile cells that can express different functional programs in response to microenvironmental signals. Fully polarized Ml and M2 macrophages are the extremes of a continuum of functional states. Macrophages that infiltrate tumor tissues are driven by tumor-derived cytokines to acquire a polarized M2 phenotype. These functionally polarized cells play a key role in subversion of adaptive immunity and in inflammatory circuits that promote tumor growth and progression. It is notable that tumor-associated macrophages promote the proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of tumor cells ,and participate in neovas-cularization, and immunosuppression of the tumor.