游离腓骨移植修复胫骨慢性骨髓炎并长段骨缺损

目的探讨游离腓骨移植一期修复胫骨慢性骨髓炎合并长段骨缺损的方法和疗效。方法1996年3月～2003年12月，采用彻底清除病灶，切除长段死骨，取对侧带血管腓骨游离移植一期修复胫骨缺损的方法，治疗胫骨慢性骨髓炎合并长段骨缺损患者67例。年龄8～42岁。病程6个月～8年，平均2．8年。其中血源性骨髓炎14例，创伤性骨髓炎53例。18例合并同侧腓骨骨折；21例合并皮肤缺损及骨外露，缺损范围2cm×4cm～4cm×10cm；53例合并病理性骨折及骨不连；46例合并1～3个窦道。胫骨死骨长度8～22cm，平均12cm。细菌培养试验均显示阳性。46例单纯切取带血管腓骨瓣，21例携带皮瓣，腓骨切取长度10～28cm，平均15cm；皮瓣切取范围4cm×7cm～6cm×12cm。结果术后67例获随访12～45个月。2周内肢体炎性反应均消退，窦道愈合率达93．5％，窦道不愈合者经二次窦道清除后愈合。移植腓骨瓣骨折2例，经石膏固定2个月后愈合。21例携带皮瓣全部成活。X线片示移植腓骨均愈合，愈合时间4～6个月，平均4．2个月。按Enneking评价系统，肢体术后功能恢复平均为正常功能的79％。18岁以下患者腓骨增粗较快，可完全胫骨化；18岁以上患者腓骨增粗缓慢。结论对胫骨慢性骨髓炎合并长段骨缺损患者可行吻合血管的游离腓骨移植一期修复骨缺损，该术式能有效控制感染、缩短疗程及减少手术次数。

REPAIRING CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS COMPLICATED BY LONG BONE DEFECT IN TIBIA WITH FREE SEGMENTED-FIBULA TRANSPLANTATION

OBJECTIVE: To probe the repair method and effect of free segmented-fibula transplantation to treat chronic osteomyelitis complicated by long bone defect in tibia in the first intention. METHODS: From March 1996 to December 2003, 67 cases of chronic osteomyelitis complicated by long bone defect were reconstructed with vascularized fibula graft after the long inflammable bone and soft tissue focus were resected. Their age ranged from 8 to 42 years. The course of disease was 6 months to 8 years. There were 14 cases of hematogenous osteomyelitis and 53 cases of traumatic osteomyelitis. Of them, 18 cases complicated by fracture of fibula; 21 cases by defect of skin (2 cm x 4 cm-4 cm x 10 cm) and bone exposure; 53 cases by pathological fracture and nonunion; and 46 cases by 1-3 fistula of osteomyelitis. The length of bone defect was from 8 cm to 22 cm (mean 12 cm), and the germiculture results of all cases were positive. Forty-six cases were treated with vascularized fibula graft, the other 21 cases with the skin flap. The segmented-fibula was 10-28 cm, skin flap size was 4 cm x 7 cm-6 cm x 12 cm. RESULTS: After a follow-up of 12-45 months, the healing rate of sinus was 93.5% while the 6.5% remainders healed by the second sinus cleaning-up. The graft bone healed after 4-6 months (mean 4.2 months) by X-ray examination. The limb inflammation was controlled after 2 weeks. All 21 skin flaps all survived and the function recovery of affected limb was 79% of normal limbs according to Enneking evaluation system, but 2 patients occurred secondary fracture. The act or process of augmenting of tibia under 18-year-old cases were sooner than those who were more than 18-year-old. CONCLUSION: It is a choice to repair the chronic osteomyelitis complicated by long bone defect with vascularized fibula graft in the first intention. The operation to reconstruct long bone defect is a good method to control inflammation efficiently, shorten period of treatment and reduce the time of operation.