Fracture resistance of immature teeth filled with BioAggregate,mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide

Abstract – Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the long‐term fracture resistance of human immature permanent teeth filled with BioAggregate (BA), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide (CH). Materials and methods: The study consisted of single rooted premolar teeth with immature root formation extracted for orthodontic reasons. A total of 28 immature premolars with average root length of 10.7 mm and apical diameter of 3 mm were included in the study. The pulps were extirpated and the canals were prepared using an apical approach. The teeth were randomly assigned to four groups: Group I: DiaRoot^® BA (DiaDent, Burnaby, BC, Canada), Group II: Angelus MTA (MTA‐A; Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), Group III: ProRoot^® MTA (MTA‐PR; Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), Group IV: CH (Sultan Chemists Inc., Englewood, NJ, USA). The teeth were placed in saline solution at 4°C for 1 year. The root of each tooth was then embedded in an acrylic resin block. All specimens were loaded at a crosshead speed of 1 mm min^?1 in an Instron testing machine and the peak loads up to fracture were recorded. Data were analysed statistically by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Results: Mean (±SD) failure loads (MPa) were: 37.69 ± 14.43 for BA group, 32.94 ± 8.15 for MTA‐A group, 28.74 ± 9.49 for MTA‐PR group and 23.18 ± 8.48 for CH group. The BA group exhibited the highest fracture resistance and the CH group showed the lowest resistance to fracture. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in fracture resistance were found between the DiaRoot‐BA and CH groups, and also between the MTA‐A and CH groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, data suggest that DiaRoot‐BA‐filled immature teeth demonstrate higher fracture resistance than other groups at 1 year. Considering the long‐term risk of cervical root fracture associated with immature teeth, the use of DiaRoot‐BA as a root canal filling material appears to be the most advantageous of the materials tested.