辽宁省城市居民高血压患病现状调查及影响因素分析

目的了解辽宁省城市居民高血压的流行病学特征和相关危险因素,为辽宁省城市居民高血压的防治和干预提供科学依据。方法按地理经济水平随机抽取辽宁省沈阳、鞍山和锦州3个城市,采用分层随机抽样对11个行政区≥18岁的28 167名城区常驻(≥5年)居民进行调查。由培训过的医师对调查对象进行血压测量和资料收集。结果辽宁省城市居民高血压患病率为29.91%,标化率为27.72%;男性为34.21%(标化率为32.96%),女性为26.59%(标化率为23.65%),性别间差异有统计学意义。随着年龄的增高,高血压患病率呈明显的增高趋势。Logistic逐步回归显示年龄、性别、超重、肥胖、腰臀比值、吸烟、嗜酒、家族史、饮食不良等因素是高血压患病的危险因素。并且随着吸烟和嗜酒量、吸烟和嗜酒年限的增高,高血压患病的危险性也呈相应的增高趋势。规律饮酒每天1次可降低居民患病的危险性(OR=0.87;95%CI:0.78～0.98),且高文化与高家庭收入居民高血压患病率较低。结论辽宁省城市居民高血压患病率较高,且居民的不良生活习惯是其主要的危险因素。

The investigation of risk factors and prevalence of hypertension among urban populations in Liaoning Province

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the current epidemic characterization of hypertension and risk factors among urban adult groups in Liaoning province,and to provide scientific basis for preventing and intervention measurement of hypertension in the urban area for government.Methods Three cities in Liaoning Province(Shenyang,Anshan and Jinzhou) were randomly selected according to the condition of economic geography.Through cluster random sampling to a resident(≥5 years) group of 2 8167 people aged more than 18 years old in 11 districts of selected cities.The blood pressure measurement and correlative risk factors were investigated by trained doctors.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension for middle and old aged group in urban of Liaoning was 29.91%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 27.72%.The prevalence of hypertension for male and female were 34.21%and 26.59%respectively,the standardized prevalence rate of 32.96%and 23. 65%,respectively.The difference between genders was significant.With the age increasing,the prevalence rate was obviously up.By logistic regression,risk factors of age,sex,overweight,obesity,family history,waist-hip ratio,smoking,drinking,insalubrity of eating habit and so on were close to hypertension occurring,and with the level of smoking and drinking increasing,the prevalence of hypertension also increased.However,drinking regularly once per day may lower the prevalence of hypertension among urban populations,and participants with high education and high income has lower prevalence of hypertension compared with the others.Conclusions The results indicated that hypertension was highly prevalent in Liaoning province.And the unhealthy living habits was the major risk factor.