骨髓、脐带及脂肪来源间充质干细胞的成脂能力存在差异

间充质干细胞（mesenchymalstemcells，MSC）的来源非常广泛。由于不同组织来源的影响，MSC之间都会存在一定的差异。本研究分析比较脐带、脂肪及骨髓组织来源的MSC的基本生物学特性。从脐带、脂肪和骨髓分离培养MSC，在显微镜下观察这3种来源的MSC的形态（UC—MSC，AD—MSC和BM—MSC），用流式细胞术诱导分化试验及定量荧光PCR分别检测UC-MSC，AD-MSC和BM-MSC的免疫表型、分化能力和过氧化物酶增殖激活受体-γ（peroxisomeproliferator—activatedreceptor-1，PPAR-1）mRNA的表达水平。结果表明，UC-MSC、AD-MSC和BM—MSC的形态都是成纤维细胞样；经罗丹明和DAPI染色后，用共聚焦显微镜观察发现它们的细胞形态类似；这三种来源Msc的免疫表型符合Msc的鉴定标准，而且表达水平一致；这三种来源MSC的成骨分化潜能相似，而成脂分化潜能存在较明显的差异，其中AD—MSC成脂能力最强，BM-MSC次之，UC-MSC最差。检测脂肪形成早期起重要作用的过氧化物酶增殖激活受体-γ（PPAR-1）mRNA表达水平在三种来源MSC中的基础表达水平，发现PPAR-γ mRNA在AD-MSC中最高，在BM—MSC次之，而在UC—MSC中最低，与成脂能力的表现相一致。这表明三种来源MSC成脂能力存在差异可能与它们PPAR-1的基础表达水平有关。结论：UC—MSC，AD—MSC和BM—MSC的形态类似；免疫表型符合MSC鉴定标准，表达水平一致；成骨分化能力相似，而成脂分化能力不同；PPAR-γ mRNA表达水平不一。关于差异的相关机制有待进一步研究。

Adipogenic Potentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow,Umbilical Cord and Adipose Tissue are Different

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） could be obtained from many sources, and there are differences between them. This study was purposed to compare and analyze the basic biological characteristes of umbilical cord, adipose tissue-and bone marrow-derived MSC （UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs）. The MSCs were isoloted from umbilical cord, adipose tissue and bone marrow were cultured; the morphology of UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs was observed by using microscopy; the immunophenotype, differentiation potential and expression of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-γ（PPAR-γ） mRNA were detected by using flow cytometry, differentiation test （von kossais and 0：1 red O staining） and quantitative fluorescent PCR, respectively. The results showed that the UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs displayed similar morphology under confocal microscope after being stained with rhodamine phalloidin and DAPL. The immunophenotypes of these three originated ceils comform to conincide with idetification criterion for MSCs, and showed similar expression level. During adipogenic induction the adipogenic potential of these MSCs was different, AD-MSCs exhibited the highest adipogenic potential, UC-MSCs displayed the＂ lowest, while potential of BM-MSCs get between; however, the ostegenic differentiation potential of UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM- MSCs was similar. The PCR detection showed that the expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA was the highest in AD-MSCs and the lowest in UC-MSCs, while expression level in BM-MSCs get between, these results were identical with the adipogenic potential, suggest that the difference of adipogenic potential in 3 kinds of MSCs was associated with basic expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA. It is concluded that UC-MSCs, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs exhibite similar morphology, the immunophenotypes of these MSCs coincide with identification criterion for MSCs, the osteogenic potential of these MSCs is similar, while the adipogenic protential and the expression level of PPAR-γ mRNA are different. The difference-associated mechanisms need to further study.